Chemical and Biological Control of Tomato Early Blight

蕃茄早疫病之化學及生物防治

劉建輝(Chien-Hui Liu) ； 吳文希(Wen-Shi Wu)

《植物病理學會刊》 6卷3期 (1997/09) Pp. 132-140

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.199709_6(3).0006

摘要

從洋蔥、甘藍及萬壽菊組織上共分離出28株真菌，175株細菌，經與A. solani對峙及共同培養測試後，Bacillus megaterium MBS4，Bacillus brevis OBS11及Bacillus subtilisvar. globigii CBS10爲最具拮抗能力之菌株，將之分別於高麗菜、芥菜、洋蔥煎汁中振盪培養，所得無菌代謝濾液均能顯著地(P=0.05)抑制A. solani孢子發芽，但洋蔥煎汁培養所得之拮抗菌更可使早疫病原菌產生發芽管變短、膨大等變形的情形，並且會造成孢子本體皺縮在二次溫室與三次田間生物檢定中，洋蔥煎汁培養拮抗菌之粗濾液均能顯著地(P=0.05)降低蕃茄早疫病的病害嚴重度。經過菌絲生長與載玻片發芽率篩選測試，flusilazol之殺菌效果最佳，200 ppm flusilazol在溫室及田間生物檢定中均能顯著地(P-005)降低早疫病的病害嚴重度。

關鍵字

蕃茄早疫病 ； 枯草桿菌屬細菌

並列摘要

Twenty eight isolates of fungi and 175 isolates of bacteria had been isolated from plant tissues of cabbage, marigold, and onion by means of dilution method. Among these microorganisms, three isolates of Bacillus spp. had been proven to be antagonistic to Alternaria solani according to the size of clear zone on dual culture and the phenomenon of complete inhibition in concomitant culture. They were Bacillus megaterium MBS4, Bacillus brevis OBSll. and Bacillus subtilis var. globigii CBS 10. The broth of either tested plant tissues had no effect on inhibition of germination of A. solani. The cell-free metabolites produced from these three antagonists were significantly (P-0.05) reduced the conidial germination of A. solani. Isolates of antagonistic Bacillus spp. cultured in onion broth reduced germination ability of A. solani and caused conidia malformation. i.e.. germ tube shorter. swollen, and conidia shrunken. In greenhouse and field trials, spraying antagonists cultured in onion broth significantly (P-0.05) reduced the disease severity of tomato early blight. Based on various tests in vitro for screening fungicides, the fungicidal effect of flusilazol was the best among five tested fungicides. Either in greenhouse or field trials. 200 ppm flusilazol could significantly (P=0.05) reduce the disease severity of tomato early blight.

並列關鍵字

Alternaria solani ； Bacillus spp. ； flusilzaol ； tomato