臺灣土壤中雙核絲核菌菌絲融合群

The Anastomosis Groups of Binucleate Rhizoctonia in Taiwanese Soils

陳智信(C. S. Chen) ； 莊再揚(T. Y. Chuang)

《植物病理學會刊》 6卷4期 (1997/12) Pp. 153-162

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.199712_6(4).0002

摘要

自台灣各地所採集的429個土壤樣品中，總計由183個土樣分離到1336株絲核菌，其中由93個土樣分離到雙核絲核菌441株。所分離到之441株雙核絲核菌中，有145株菌株可歸於菌絲融合群AG-A、AG-Bo、AG-F、AG-G、AG-L、AG-Q、AG-R、AG-S及可與AG-A和AG-Bo融合之AG-A-Bo。但有296株菌無法歸於現有菌絲融合群中。一般而言，同一土樣之分離株均屬同一菌群，但有14個土樣可同時分離到2個以上的菌群。AG-Bo及AG-R多分離自臺灣中、北部之土樣，而其在36C下生長不佳。AG-G多分布於中、南部，其較耐高溫，於36C下仍生長得不錯。AG-L則遍布全省各地，亦於36C下生長得不錯。其餘各群則較少發現。各菌群菌絲寬度約5-7μm。各菌群之生長最適溫皆為32C。就作物相而言，除森林土壤所分離到之菌群多為AG-Bo外，並未見作物相與菌群有所關聯。病原性測定結果顯示，除了一AG-R代表株對蘿蔔和一AG-S代表株對胡瓜具弱病原性外，台灣土壤所分離到之各菌群代表株對蘿蔔、胡瓜、水稻和小麥均無病原性。

關鍵字

雙核絲核菌 ； 菌絲融合群

並列摘要

There were 1366 isolates of Rhizoctonia spp. isolated from 429 soil samples of Taiwan. Of these, 441 isolates from 93 soil samples were binucleate Rhizoctonia. Out of 441 binucle- ate isolates. 145 were assigned to AG-A, AG-Bo, AG-F, AG-G, AG-L, AG-Q, AG-R, AG-S and AG-A-Bo. Isolates that could anastomose with both AG-A and AG-Bo were assigned to AG-AoBo. The remaining 296 isolates could not be assigned to any one group. Most of AG-Bo and AG-R were isolated from northern or central Taiwan, and they grew very poor at 36 C. Most AG-G were isolated from central or southern Taiwan, and grew well at 36 C. AG-L were isolated throughout the soils of Taiwan, and they also grew well at 36 C. Others were less frequently isolated. The optimum temperature for all the AGs were 32 C. The host ranges within an AG were diverse, and only found that most isolates from forest soils were belonged to AG-Bo. The mean hyphal width was 5-7μm. All the tested isolates representing each anas- tomosis group were avirulent or weakly virulent on four different plants (radish, wheat, rice, and cucumber.)

並列關鍵字

binucleate Rhizoctonia ； anastomosis group