- 期刊
溫度、水分潛勢及光照對灰黴病菌Botrytis elliptica及B. cinerea之胞子與菌校發芽、菌絲生長、產胞及菌核形成之影響
Effect of temperature, water potential, and light illumination on the spore and sclerotia germination, mycelial growth, sporulation, and sclerotia formation of Botrytis elliptica and B. cinerea
摘要
Botrytis elliptica之菌絲生長最適溫度為20C，菌核產生適合溫度為8~20C；菌核在8~28C均可發芽生長，發芽率在各溫度間無明顯差異。菌核再形成數量則以12C最多，28C則無菌核再形成。產胞適溫為12~20C，胞子在8~28C 下8小時，有90 %以上之發芽率，發芽管長度在20~24C時較長，在32C時胞子發芽被抑制。B. elliptica於水分潛勢-7.3 bar ~ -70 bar均能生長，最適水分潛勢為-31 bar。在12小時之日夜(34/24C)溫差培養，菌核之發芽率不受影響，但對於菌絲生長則有明顯之抑制，培養一個月後亦無菌核與胞子產生，但將其再放置20C定溫培養，菌絲可恢復生長。而B. cinerea對照菌株則和上述結果略有有差異。本研究中所見溫度、水分潛勢及光照對供試灰黴病菌發芽、生長、產胞及菌核形成之影響，與灰黴病菌引起之病害調查，於低溫高濕之冬春季發生嚴重的現象極為吻合。
並列摘要
The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of Botrytis elliptica was ranged from 12 to 24 C . The sclerotia germinated at the temperature ranging from 8 to 28 C. The sclerotia germination ratio were not significantly difference in different temperature. The total numbers of sclerotia reformation was greatly increased at 12 C, and no sclerotia was formed at 28 C. The optimum temperature for sporulation of B. elliptica range from 12 to 20 C, and the conidial germination ranged from 8 to 28 C. The conidia of B. elliptica incubated at 20 and 24 C have longer germ tube, and the condia couldn't germinate at 32 C. The isolates of B. elliptica could grow in the water potential ranging from -7.3 bar to -70 bar. The optimum water potential was -31 bar. The sclerotia of B. elliptica under day and night at 34 C / 24 C could germinate but the mycelial growth was apparently inhibited. The mycelial incubated under this condition for one month couldn't induce the sclerotia formation and conidia production, but return to grow at 20 C. In regards, this results of B. cinerea isolate posses some diversity. The environmental effects on conidia germination, mycelial extension, sporulation and sclerotia formation were all in accordance to the previous field observation as regard to the correlation of pathogen activities and in the low temperature and high humility. The presented data provided a scientific basis useful in the strategy of integrated management of lily disease in Taiwan.