Formulation of Essential Oils and Yeast for Controlling Postharvest Decay of Tomato Fruits

利用植物精油和酵母菌製劑防治貯藏期番茄果腐病

Abd-Alla ； M. A. ； Nehal ； S. El-Mougy ； Nadia ； G. El-Gamal

《植物病理學會刊》 18卷1期 (2009/03) Pp. 23-33

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.200903_18(1).0003

摘要

評估酵母菌（Saccharomyces cerevisiae 與Candida tenuis）、商業之酵母混合液(S. cerevisiaemixture, CBY)或薄荷葉、甜瓜和玫瑰精泊對Botrytis cinerea、Rhizopus stolonifer及Alternaria alternte菌絲生長之影響，結果顯示CBY液體抑制三種植物病原菌生長的效果最佳，其次是S. cerevisiae和C. tenuis。測試不同濃度的薄荷、甜瓜和玫瑰精油對酵母菌菌株的生長，得知薄荷精油不會影響酵母菌菌株的生長，然而甜瓜和玫瑰精油在低濃度下，會顯著抑制酵母菌族群生長。測試薄荷、甜瓜和玫瑰精油對三種植物病原菌的生長，得知薄荷精油抑制病原菌生長的效果優於甜瓜和玫瑰精油的處理。薄荷精油混合任何一種酵母菌菌株，其抑菌效果明顯高於甜瓜和玫瑰精油混合任何一種酵母菌的處理。將包含S. cerevisiae 菌株或CBY（含有1%薄荷精油）的棕櫚蠟(carnauba wax)應用於防治儲藏期番茄果實灰徵病、軟腐病及黑腐病，結果顯示棕櫚蠟混合S. cerevisiae 菌株或棕櫚蠟混合CBY（含有1%薄荷精油）可有效降低此三種病害的發生。根據上述結果得知，應用棕櫚蠟混合S. cerevisiae 菌株或棕櫚蠟混合CBY（含有1%薄荷精油）於儲藏期的番茄果實時，除可有效降低儲藏期病害的發生外，番茄果實的品質亦不會受到影響。

關鍵字

酵母菌 ； 植物精油 ； 番茄果腐病

並列摘要

The yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tenuis and the commercial backing yeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mixture (CBY) and/or peppermint, melon and rose essential oi1s were evaluated for their in vitro activity against the fungal growth of Botrytis cinerea, Rhizopus stolonifer and Alternaria alternate the causal agents of tomato fruit decay. S. cerevisiae mixture (CBY) proved it self to have the highest inhibitory effect on the growth of the pathogenic tested fungi fol1owed by the two other yeast isolates S. cerevisiae and C. tennis. All the tested concentrations of peppermint oil had not negative effect against the viability of tested yeasts, while significant reduction in the populations of all yeast isolates was observed at melon and rose oils treatments even at the lowest concentration tested. Peppermint oil showed superior inhibitory effect against the growth of tested pathogenic fungifol1owed by rose and melon oils, respectively. Mixtures of peppermint oil with any of yeast isolate showed high inhibitor effect against the pathogenic fungal growth compared with rose and melon oils mixtures. Under storage conditions, application of carnauba wax formula containing either S. cerevisiae or S. cerevisiae (CBY) combined with peppermint oil (1%) had more superior effect for reducing gray mould, soft rot and black rot incidence as well as disease development of tomato fruit，reaching up to 100% under artificial inoculation of decay pathogenic fungi. On the light of the obtained results in the present study, it could be concluded that the application of carnauba wax containing 1% peppermint oi1 combined with S. cerevisiae or S. cerevisiae (CBY), could control several post-harvest diseases of tomato fruit without affecting tomato fruit quality under storage conditions.

並列關鍵字

Antagonistic yeasts ； essential oils ； tomato fruit decay