二氧化氯溶液對三種種媒植物病原細菌之殺菌效率及應用於種子處理之除菌效果

Bactericidal Efficacy of Chlorine Dioxide Against Three Seed-borne Plant Pathogenic Bacteria and Application of Seed Treatment for Eradication of These Bacteria

趙永椿(Y. C. Chao) ； 徐世典(S. T. Hsu) ； 曾國欽(K. C. Tzeng)

《植物病理學會刊》 19卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 19-29

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.201003_19(1).0003

摘要

本研究測試二氧化氯(chlorine dioxide, CLO2)溶液對三種種傳植物病原細菌，十字花科蔬菜黑腐病菌(Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris)、茄科細菌性斑點病菌(X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria)及瓜類細菌性果斑病菌(Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli)之殺菌效率及應用於種子處理對去除這些種媒細菌之效果。以ClO2溶液10ppm處理黑腐病菌及5ppm處理斑點病菌各20分鐘或50ppm處理果斑病菌30分鐘，可完全抑制所有供試菌株之生長。ClO2溶液以10ppm浸漬處理人工污染黑腐病菌Xcc52菌株之花椰菜種子30分鐘，5ppm浸漬處理人工污染細菌性斑點病菌XVT-28菌株之甜椒種子10分鐘及50ppm浸漬處理人工污染或自然帶有果斑病菌之西瓜種子30分鐘，均可有效去除各病菌，達到無病菌污染之種子，且此處理不會影響或可提高種子之發芽率。在人工污染及自然帶有果斑病菌之西瓜種子試驗上，ClO2之處理亦可完全防治幼苗果斑病之發生，使發病率由66.6%（人工帶菌）或29.2%（自然帶菌）降低至0%，且對幼苗之生長或無影響或可促進。

關鍵字

二氧化氯 ； 種子處理 ； 防治 ； 十字花科蔬菜黑腐病菌 ； 茄科細菌性斑點病菌 ； 瓜類細菌性果斑病菌

並列摘要

The efficacy of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) solution in inhibition of growth of three seed-borne plant pathogenic bacteria: Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), the causal agent of black rot of crucifers: X. axonopodis pv, vesicatoria (Xav), the causal agent of bacterial spot of tomato and pepper; and Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli (Aac), the causal agent of bacterial fruit blotch of cucurbits was evaluated, and its application on seed treatment for decontaminating these bacteria was also studied. The results showed that treatment of various strains of Xcc and Xav with 10 and 5 ppm ClO2 solution, respectively, for 20 min, and strains of Aac with 50 ppm ClO2 solution for 30 min, completely inhibited the growth of these bacteria on agar media. Treatments of cauliflower seeds artificially infested with Xcc with 10 ppm ClO2 solution for 30 min, pepper seeds artificially infested with Xav with 5 ppm ClO2 solution for 10 min, and watermelon seeds artificially infested or naturally infested with Aac whit 50 ppm ClO2 solution for 30 min, completely removed the contaminated bacteria from these seeds. The effective concentrations of ClO2 solution did not affect or may increase the germination rate of the seeds. In the experiments with artificially or naturally infested watermelon seeds, the ClO2 treatment not only eradicated the infested bacteria but also completely controlled the fruit blotch disease at the seedling stage, since no diseased seedlings were observed in the treated seeds in contrast to about 66.6% (artificially infested) or about 29.2% (naturally infested) diseased seedlings in the nontreated control. The ClO2 treatment did not affect or may show better growth of the watermelon seedlings as compared with the nontreated control.

並列關鍵字

chlorine dioxide ； seed treatment ； control ； Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria ； Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli