Burkholderia gladioli引起之杏鮑菇細菌性腐敗病

Bacterial Decay of King Oyster Mushroom Caused by Burkholderia gladioli.

林羿廷(Y. T. Lin) ； 呂昀陞(Y. S. Lue) ； 張怡婷(Y. T. Chang) ； 鄧文玲(W. L. Deng)

《植物病理學會刊》 19卷4期 (2010/12) Pp. 249-254

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.201012_19(4).0003

摘要

杏鮑菇為臺灣新興的食用菇類，近年來由於大規模栽培，使得許多病害相繼發生，造成業者之損失。本研究於2008年自臺中市大里區的杏鮑菇栽培場獲得一疑似細菌危害之菇體樣本，在其蕈傘及蕈柄處可見組織崩解、凹陷之病徵，患部經擠壓後有菌泥溢出。自罹病組織進行病原菌分離純化後獲得三菌株，經生理生化測試結果顯示該菌為革蘭氏陰性菌，在nutrient agar與King's B培養基上形成白色菌落並產生不具螢光特性的黃色色素，此外，此細菌可於41℃下生長，具有水解明膠、脂質、幾丁質、酪蛋白等分子的能力與氧化酶、觸酶等酵素活性，再以脂肪酸圖譜分析（FAME）、Biolog GN2 Microplate^TM及16S-23S內轉錄區域 （internal transcribed sequence, ITS）之序列分析進行鑑定，確認該菌為Burkholderia gladioli。並以杏鮑菇進行接種試驗，確認其病原性。根據病原菌特性及其造成的病徵，將B. gladioli在杏鮑菇上造成的病害定名為杏鮑菇細菌性腐敗病，此為B. gladioli在臺灣造成杏鮑菇細菌性腐敗病之首次報導。

關鍵字

杏鮑菇細菌性腐敗病 ； 脂肪酸圖譜分析 ； 16S-23S內轉錄區域之序列分析

並列摘要

In the year of 2008, caps and stalks of king oyster mushrooms exhibiting decayed and sunken symptoms were found in a mushroom farm in Daili, Taichung. Three bacterial strains, MBg1, MBg2, and MBg3, isolated from the decay tissues were assayed physiologically and biochemically to show that they are gram-negative, non-fluorescent bacterium which can grow at the temperature up to 41˚C, produce yellow pigment on nutrient agar and King's B media, catalyze gelatin, lipid, chitin, and casein on culture media, and have oxidase and catalase activities. The MBg strains were characterized using fatty acid methyl ester analysis (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA) and Sherlock® Microbial Identification System (Microbial Identification Inc., Newark, DE), and each strain was identified as Burkholderia gladioli with a similarity greater than 0.83. In addition, the Biolog system (Biolog, Hayward, CA) and sequence identity comparisons of 16S-23S intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) were performed to confirm that the 3 bacterial strains isolated from king oyster mushroom are B. gladioli based on a similarity of 0.58 with Biolog and 99% sequence identity for 16S-23S ITS. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by inoculating the suspensions of MBg stains at 10^8 CFU/ml to the stalks of disease-free king oyster mushroom, and bacteria showing morphological and biochemical similarities to the ones used for inoculation were isolated from the inoculated mushrooms at 6 days post inoculation. This is the first report that B. gladioli can infect king oyster mushroom to elicit bacterial decay disease in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Bacterial decay of king oyster mushroom ； Burkholderia gladioli ； fatty acid methyl ester analysis ； 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer sequence