- 期刊
利用葉圓片接種法測定甜瓜白粉病菌Podosphaera xanthii對克收欣之感受性
Detection of Kresoxim-Methyl Resistance of Podosphaera xanthii with Leaf-Disc Method
摘要
為了檢試甜瓜白粉病菌菌株對克收欣的抗感藥性，建立葉圓片接種測定法，其方法為：將甜瓜葉圓片置放於盛有不同濃度克收欣之培養皿內，再接種甜瓜白粉病菌Podosphaera xanthii，於24/20°C（日／夜）光照12小時的環境下培養10天，判讀發病度。結果顯示感藥性菌株在處理1或10 a. i. mg/L以上之有效濃度時，無法造成病害，而抗藥性菌株在1000 a. i. mg/L之處理仍可造成嚴重病害；供試菌株亦於盆栽植株上出現相同的抗感藥性反應。克收欣抗或感藥性的甜瓜白粉病菌菌株接種在供試17種甜瓜品種的葉圓片，抗感藥菌株在不同品種上均出現相同抗感藥性反應。處理克收欣100 a. i. mg/L可明顯抑制感藥性菌株之分生孢子在葉圓片上發芽及菌絲生長，對抗藥性菌株則否。抗克收欣之菌株亦對同屬於史托比系藥劑的亞托敏、百克敏及三氟敏有抗藥性，但對其他非史托比系藥劑如平克座與快諾芬則無抗藥性。2004－2010年從台南市分離得到5個甜瓜白粉病菌菌株Podosphaera xanthii皆對克收欣有抗藥性，然而從台中市霧峰區分離得到5個菌株，2010年以前分離得到3株菌株皆為感藥性，而於2010年分離得到的2株菌株皆為抗藥性。本文結果顯示抗克收欣的甜瓜白粉病菌已在檢測田區出現。
並列摘要
Leaf-disc assay was established for detecting kresoxim-methyl susceptibility of Podosphaera xanthii, the causal agent of melon powdery mildew. From the susceptibility test of P. xanthii on leaf-discs, the susceptible isolates did not cause disease at 1 or 10 a. i. mg/L; whereas, the resistant ones even caused severe disease at 1000 a. i. mg/L. The susceptibility reactions of susceptible or resistant P. xanthii isolates against kresoxim-methyl on the potted plant test were similar with those on leaf-discs. Furthermore, the susceptibility reactions showed similar result on leaf-disc assay of 17 tested melon varieties. When the leaf-discs were treated with 100 a. i. mg/L of kresoxim-methyl, the conidia germination, hyphae development, and hyphal length of the susceptible isolates were inhibited, but not the resistant isolates. With the leaf-disc assay, those isolates which were resistant to kresoxim-methyl were also resistant to azoxyrstrobin, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin, which belong to strobilurin chemicals, but susceptible to penconazole and quinoxyfen (not strobilurin chemicals). From 2004 to 2010, 5 isolates of P. xanthii were isolated from Tainan, and all were resistant to kresoxim-methyl. Other five isolates were isolated form Taichung, and only I isolate from 2010 was resistant to kresoxim-methyl. The results demonstrated the presence of kresoxim-methyl resistant isolates of P. xanthii in the test fields.
延伸閱讀
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