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石英脈形成的先後關係

A Case Study on Age Relationship between Obliquely Intersected Quartz Veins in Metasandstone

摘要


就一張含有交叉成X形的石英脈與斷層照片,本文作者在仔細觀察石英脈內部石英晶體的形狀後,發現本照片中的石英脈大多為纖維狀石英脈,且纖維狀石英晶體的方向均與石英脈的脈壁垂直。依照Crack-and-seal process理論,這種纖維狀石英脈的形成,是變質砂岩在地底下因為液體壓力的升高,先形成稱為節理的伸張性破裂後,隨即有濃度甚高的二氧化矽溶液侵入而在節理面之間的空隙快速地順著最小主應力方向結晶出纖維狀石英晶體,因而形成這種纖維狀石英脈。由於本露頭內交叉成X形的兩條石英脈,其石英纖維的方向並不相同,而是各自與其脈壁垂直,顯示這兩條石英脈很可能不是同時在同一應力場形成,而是有先有後。後形成的石英脈的纖維會在整條石英脈中維持同一方向,而先形成的石英脈則會在兩條石英交叉部位中斷而不連續。一般常將外觀交叉成X形的節理稱為共軛節理(conjugate joints),而進一步認為此種共軛節理是在同一應力場中所形成的混合型節理(conjugate hybrid joints),但就本案例而言,被石英所充填的解理很可能是在不同時期不同的應力場產生的伸張節理(tensile joints)。本研究由一張富含石英脈與斷層的照片中,分析各組石英脈的截切關係以及各種地質構造形成的先後關係。由石英脈長軸與層面互相垂直的關係顯示,這類石英脈可能是岩層深埋在地下且還保持水平狀態的時候形成的,當時最大主應力的方向是鉛直方向,也就是與石英脈的長軸平行。交叉成X形的石英脈並不一定是同時形成的,必須個別分析石英脈內纖維狀石英的生長方向才能判別。此外,在「斷層線上,距離斷層頂端越遠,斷層的斷距越大」的現象,似乎可以應用斷層擴展的理論加以解釋。

並列摘要


This paper presents the result of case study on some obliquely intersected quartz veins and faults developed within meta-sandstone in an outcrop in the Slate belt of the Hseuhshan Range in Taiwan. The purpose of the study is to determine whether they formed congenitally or not. Since at first glance, someone may suggest that they were conjugate hybrid joint systems filled with quartz minerals. But after observation on the internal structure of the quartz veins and their spatial relationship with the wall rock, assume that the fibrous quartz veins are formed by the crack-and-seal process and shows that the stress field that produce the member of the conjugate system is different from that of other member. This may imply that each member of the conjugate system formed in different time.

被引用紀錄


尤芊翔(2015)。台灣東北角海岸萊萊地區煌斑岩脈及其圍岩之構造演育探討〔碩士論文,國立中央大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0031-0412201512093059

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