工廠中的採礦－礦物產業的新發展

Ore Mined from the Factory-A New Development in the Mineral Industry

雷大同(Dah-Tong Ray)

《臺灣鑛業》 66卷4期 (2014/12) Pp. 19-31

摘要

礦物工業是工業之母，國家及民生建設所需之一切原材料均來自礦產品，傳統的礦物工業可區分為採礦及冶金二領域，因此亦稱礦冶工業，雖然採礦及冶金的專業領域僅在基礎礦物性質的部分重疊，基本上二者相差頗大，採礦為天然礦物的採取，冶金為由礦物製備材料，但從事採礦及冶金的工程師、學術研究者、業者等，至今仍相處在一個共同學術領域中，各別發揮所長，這個領域涵蓋一切自地表及地下獲得礦物資源的探勘、採取、提選、冶煉、精製等操作技術及企業經營。本文就礦物工業上游的採礦部分，作進一步的解析，探討天然礦不足、不均、不純、耗竭的特殊性，陶瓷、群青、水泥、沸石、高科技材料等人造礦物的歷史，礦物合成方法分類，人造礦物的工業實例，並對人造礦物的未來發展作初步的評述。

關鍵字

礦物工業 ； 天然礦物 ； 人造礦物

並列摘要

Mineral industry is the basis of all industries. All the raw materials of national and civilian needs come from mine products. The typical mineral industry is divided into the two major fields of mining and metallurgy. Therefore it is also known as the mining and metallurgical industry. These two fields coincide only in the basic mineral properties. Actually they are very different. Mining is the up-stream operation of raw materials access. Metallurgy is concerned with down-stream materials extraction and manufacturing. However, engineers, academic workers, and the industrial owners of these two fields work together in the big family of mining and metallurgy. These are fields related to the technique and management of prospecting, mining, processing and extraction of raw materials from the earth's surface and underground. This article, focused primarily on mining, discusses in detail the characteristics of natural ores-their insufficiency, geodiversity, impurity and exhaustibility; the history of mineral synthesis-pottery and porcelain, ultramarine, Portland cement, zeolite, high-tech minerals; classification of man-made minerals based on synthesis methods; and the practical manufacture examples of man-made ores. Finally, preliminary comments on the future of man-made ore are proposed.

並列關鍵字

mineral industry ； natural mineral ； man-made mineral