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飛行模擬器軟體系統及製作

The Software Systems and Implementation of Flight Simulator

摘要


本文說明在pc上發展-經濟型的飛行模擬器,所需的理論及程式撰寫技巧。此模擬器共包括了四個主要模組:輸入模組、輸出模組、飛行動態模組、及控制模組。飛行動態模組方面,主要在動態模式的建立,其運用了Runge-Kutta數值積分,解出一組非線性六自由度的飛機描述方程式,而以四元素法解決了尤拉角奇異點的問題。此模組並包括了一快速氣動係數查表的程式技巧。輸入模組方面,說明所需輸入的初值及目的。輸出模組方面,包括檔案輸出、聲音輸出及螢幕動畫輸出。在動畫的處理,是利用兩頁切換的方式,將飛機之絕對位置及姿態轉換至螢幕上,模擬飛行中駕駛艙看出之外界景物。反應飛機資料的狀態變數響應圖,及控制翼面響應圖,則以位元區塊動畫及時畫出。在控制模組方面,有飛機線性化模式,廣義的控制架構,並將gain scheduling控制器的理論加以應用說明。此外還包括了-Matlab的控制測試環境。最後系統整合及程式中斷等軟體技巧,本文皆有探討。

並列摘要


This paper presents that the required theor its and program techniques to implement a flight simulator in PC. There are four main modules in the flight simulator. They are input module, output module, flight dynamic module, and control module. In flight dynamic module, in order to solve the nonlinear six degrees aircraft governing equations, we introduce the Runge-Kutta numerical method and quarterion. The required initial values for simulator are mentioned in input module. File output, sound output and animation are developed in output module. We simulate the sceneries outside the cockpit by frame animation and the flight state variable responses and control surface responses are created by bitblt animation. In control module, the utilization of gain scheduling control, the analyses of flight performance and trim flight conditions are all explored. System integral, interruption skill and the option menu subroutine are also discussed in this paper.

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