Review and Prospect of Numerical Wind Tunnel Development

數值風洞發展的回顧與前瞻

王政盛(Cheng-Sheng Wang)

《中國航空太空學會學刊》 31卷4期 (1999/12) Pp. 253-259

https://doi.org/10.6124/TAASRC.199912_31(4).01

摘要

風洞是氣動力設計的重要設備。風洞試驗雖可提供相當精確的數據，但受模型製作、量測型態、與設備能量的影響，對設計需求的配合仍有限制。近年由於微處理機技術的快速發展，計算速度大幅提昇，因此計算流體力學開始廣泛運用，對氣動力設計的全程提供了與風洞相似的貢獻。但設計工作除了流場數值模擬之外，還需要整合多方面的功能，例如外形參數變化與氣動特性分析、氣動力與氣動熱負荷分析、航器性能分析與飛行動態模擬等重要模組。在傳統的設計流程中，這些都是人工密集的工作型態，也形成了研究發展的瓶頸。
中山科學研究院曾推動了一項前瞻性的計畫研究，對新資訊科技在氣動力設計的運用進行探索。「全功能數值風洞」計畫發展了各種複雜度的流場數值模擬軟體，並經由圖形介面整合了氣動力設計流程，再運用數值優化技術對氣動力外形進行參數尋優。經由數值風洞的建立，我們獲得了發展一個專屬解題環境的經驗，也對這類環境的基本特性與主要挑戰充分認知。發展完成後的系統經過測試，證明具有明顯的效益。

關鍵字

數值風洞 ； 氣動力設計

並列摘要

Wind tunnel is an important facility for aerodynamic design works. Although accurate measuring data can be provided by wind tunnel test, its capability to match with design requirements is sometimes limited by hardware. In recent years, the computation speed is increased rapidly and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) began to implement extensively in the design to share a similar role as wind tunnels. Therefore, ”Numerical Wind Tunnel” has been setup in several aerospace institutions. However, an aerodynamic design must integrate more functions beyond flowfield simulation, and most of the functions are categorized to human intensive works, which form the bottleneck of aerodynamic research and development.
CSIST had been working on an exploratory project, to reveal the possibility of implementing new information technology. Full Performance Numerical Wind Tunnel (FPNWT) project developed various level of CFD software, which were integrated into the aerodynamic design process with other analysis modules using GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces). The process is also combined with numerical optimization procedure, such that parametric optimization can be done. In the development of Numerical Wind Tunnel, experience indicated that it is actually a problem-solving environment. Therefore, it has its fundamental characteristics and major challenges one has to face. The completed FPNWT project showed that such a specialized system has its obvious advantages to the development of aerodynamic design.

並列關鍵字

Numerical Wind Tunnel ； Aerodynamic Design