The Effects of Self-Efficacy and Self-Perceived Health Status on Glycemic Control and the Use of Adult Preventive Health Examinations

自我效能、自覺健康、血糖控制和健康篩檢的關係

張美燕(Mei-Yen Chang) ； 呂筑韻(Chu-Yun Lu) ； 黃瓊玉(Chiung-Yu Huang) ； 江純瑛(Chun-Ying Chiang)

《品質學報》 22卷1期 (2015/02) Pp. 3-14

https://doi.org/10.6220/joq.2015.22(1).01

摘要

糖尿病是慢性疾病的一種，除了需要長期的控制，也需要固定執行健康篩檢了解健康情形，減少合併症。目的：本研究目的旨在探討糖尿病個案基本特性、自我效能、自覺健康對於血糖控制與健康篩檢的相關情形。方法：本研究採橫斷性相關分析，從南部某教學醫院的門診糖尿病個案收案131名。問卷分為三個部分：基本資料、健康行為自我效能量表、及自我健康評量表，以統計軟體SPSS17.0來進行描述性統計分析與羅吉式迴歸分析（logisticregression）。結果：受訪者平均齡65歲（標準差11.3歲）；男性68人（51.9%）；教育程度以國（初）中（含以下）為主，58人（44.3%）；已婚者102人（77.9%）；有子女者122人（93.1%）。受訪者經醫師診斷有糖尿病時間0.5至40年，平均9.8年（標準差7.7年），三個月平均血糖（HbA1C）平均為8.08%，其中血糖控制正常HbA1C小於7%以下者有39人（29.8%）。利用羅吉式迴歸檢視個案基本資料、健康行為自我效能、與自覺健康對血糖控制的關係。自覺健康狀態好，增加血糖控制正常的勝算比1.14倍（OR = 1.14, p = 0.033）。利用羅吉式迴歸檢視個案基本資料、健康行為自我效能、自覺健康、與血糖控制對健康篩檢的關係。結果顯示僅年齡與糖化血色素（HbA_1C）對健康篩檢使用有顯著關係，OR分別為1.07倍（p=0.002）與0.77倍（p=0.04）。討論與貢獻：糖尿病患者的血糖控制情形多數不良，應推廣健康篩檢的使用促進了解其健康狀態。

關鍵字

自我效能 ； 自覺健康 ； 血糖控制 ； 健康篩檢

並列摘要

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a type of chronic disease that requires lifelong self-care management. Regular health examinations or monitoring (i.e., adult preventive health examinations) are recommended for improving health awareness and preventing complications. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between participants’ characteristics, self-efficacy, self-perceived health status and glycemic control and the use of adult preventive health examinations. Methods: A cross-sectional, correlational design was used. A total of 131 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were recruited from a teaching hospital in southern Taiwan. Data including demographic information, the Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale (SRAHP), the Self-Perceptions of Health Scale (SPHS), glycemic control and the use of adult preventive health examinations, were collected. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and logistic regression were performed using SPSS 17.0. Results: The average age of participants was 65 years old (standard deviation, SD = 11.3), 68 were male (51.9%), and the majority graduated from junior high school or less (n = 58, 44.3%), were married (n = 112, 77.9%), and reported having children (n = 122, 93.1%). The average duration of diabetes was 9.8 years (SD = 7.7, range 0.5 ~ 40). The average value of HbA1C was 8.08% (SD = 1.80, range 5.6 ~ 15.8), in which 39 participants (29.8%) demonstrated effective glycemic control (HbA1C ＜ 7%). A logistic regression model showed that only self-perceived health status was a significant predictor of effective glycemic control (odds ratio, OR = 1.14, p ＜ 0.05). A final logistic regression model showed that age (OR = 1.07, p ＜ 0.05) and HbA1C values (OR = 0.77, p ＜ 0.05) were significant predictors of having adult health preventiveexaminations. Discussion and conclusion: Regular preventive health examinations should be encouraged in people with T2DM to raise awareness regarding their health conditions.

並列關鍵字

self-efficacy ； perceived health status ； diabetic management ； preventive health examination

參考文獻

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