結腸造口病人出院前自我照顧能力及相關因素之探討

A Study on the Self-Care Abilities and Related Factors of Colostomy Patients during Pre-Discharge Period

高啓雯(Chi-Wen Kao) ； 顧乃平(Nai-Ping Ku)

《護理研究》 5卷5期 (1997/10) Pp. 413-424

https://doi.org/10.7081/NR.199710.0413

摘要

本研究爲一描述性之研究，主要目的在探討結腸造口病人出院前自我照顧情形又其相關影響因素。於四所醫學中心及兩所凖醫學中心之病房單位，以自我照顧、社會支援、自我照顧意願問卷收集資料。研究期間共有61位大腸直腸癌接受結腸造口手術的病患頃與研究。結果發現結腸造口病人其出院前自我照顧在知識部份以氣味控制得分最高，其次是飲食原則，造口週圍皮膚照顧，造口自我觀察評估，得分最低的則是活動方面的知識。技能部份得分均不高，約50%-60%的患者仍缺乏造口自我照顧的能力及實際操作的經驗。病人個人屬性與自我照顧有關，其中以年齡、教育程度、職業、家中主要經來源及自覺病況的嚴重程度達顯著相關；社會支援與病人自我照顧能力呈正相關。兩者的典型相關係數爲0.901，社會支援可解釋自我照顧能力變異的81.1%，社會支援中以訊息支援及情緒支持對自我照顧能力的影響最大。而病人自我照顧意願與自我照顧能力在統計分析上達顯著正相關。

關鍵字

結腸造口 ； 自我照顧 ； 社會支持

並列摘要

This is a discriptive study. The main purpose of this study is to explore the self-care abilities and related factors in patients with colostomy. Sixty-one colostomy patients were interviewed from six hospitals. The conclusions made: I The self- care of colostomy patients were (1) knowledge: For the score of self-care scale in patients with colostomy, the first one was “odor control” and followed by “diet”, “skin care”, “colostomy self-assessment”, and the last one was “activities”. (2) skill: 50%-60% of colostomy patients were short of basic skills of stoma care. 2. Colostomy patients’ self-care was related to their personal characteristics. The determinants were age, education, occupation, the source of the family livelihood and those who believed the condition was severe. 3. Colostomy patients’ self-care was related to social support. The relationship between self-care and social support was positive (p＜0.001). 4. Colostomy patients’ self-care was related to the degree of motivation about self-care. The relationship between self-care and the degree of motivation about self-care was positive (p＜0.001).

並列關鍵字

colostomy ； self-care ； social-support