柴油氧化脫硫製程技術研究

美國在2006年前，要將汽油中的硫含量降低90%，由目前的300ppm降到30ppm。大部分的工業國家則將要把柴油硫含量由500ppm降到50ppm，未來甚至降到0ppm。台灣環保著緊跟著歐洲的法規，制定2007年台灣的柴油硫含量要低於50ppm，中油公司於2004年9月開始供應50ppm以下的柴油。在傳統的加氫脫硫工場，要生產超低硫的柴油，必須降低液體空間流速，氣體回收系統裝置除胺設備以提高氫氣的純度，增加氫／油比，或是將觸媒作緊密的裝填。基於上述的限制，中油公司發展在無水單相的條件下，使用氣化劑將油品中的硫和氮化合物氣化，再經由萃取的方式，去除油品中硫化合物的方法，反應時不需要觸媒，在低溫及短時間內即可完成。氧化後的氧化劑轉化為萃取溶劑，以移出硫氧化物和氮氧化物，因此，沒有廢酸形成的困擾。萃取的效率很高，不需要複雜的吸附步驟。實驗結果，應用簡單有效的氧化脫硫技術，可將硫含量300ppm的柴油降低到硫含量為10ppm以下的柴油。

關鍵字

加氫脫硫；液體空間流速；氧化脫硫

並列摘要

In the United States, gasoline sulfur level will be reduced by 90% from current 300 ppm down to 30 ppm by 2006. On the road diesel fuel, most of industrialized countries have adopted for a level of 50 ppm or even as low as ”zero sulfur” in the future. The EPA in Taiwan more closely follows European regulations and sets a 50 ppm sulfur diesel by 2007. CPC has started to provide 50 ppm diesel since September 2004 to the local market. Reduction of LHSV, installation of amine scrubber to maintain higher hydrogen purity in the recycle stream and increase of H2/Oil ratio or use of dense catalyst loading may be required to assure the production of ULSD (ultra-low sulfur diesel) in a traditional HDS unit. The oxidative desulfurization (OxyDS) process developed by CPC can desulfurize petroleum oils under non-aqueous and single phase condition, using such an active oxidant that oxidation of sulfur and nitrogen occur at low temperature and short residence time without a catalyst. As a result, all the valuable hydrocarbon components in the oils are essentially preserved and no troublesome waste acid regeneration associated with most other oxidative desulfurization processes is required. Furthermore, the oxidant is converted into an extractive solvent for removing oxidized sulfur and nitrogen compounds from the oxidized petroleum oils after oxidation step. The extraction step is so effective that no complicated adsorption step is required for final polishing. Sulfur in diesel was reduced from 300 to less than 10 ppm through this simple but effective OxyDS process.

並列關鍵字

LHSV Liquid Hourly Space Velocity ； HDS Hydrodesulfurization ； Oxidative Desulfurization OxyDS

國際替代計量

柴油氧化脫硫製程技術研究

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