棕櫚油加氫脫氧研究

Preparation of Biodiesel from Palm Oil with Hydrodeoxygenation

黃訓義(Hsun-Yi Huang) ； 林棕斌(Tzong-Bin Lin) ； 洪正宗(Cheng-Tsung Hong)

《石油季刊》 45卷3期 (2009/09) Pp. 5-14

https://doi.org/10.30128/JP.200909.0002

摘要

近來原油價格的變化及燃燒化石原料對環境之嚴重衝擊，發展再生能源已是全球努力的方向，也是政府施政的重要方針。2007年7月27日綠色城鄉計畫在桃園縣和嘉義縣市啟動供應B1生質柴油，2008年10月15日開始在全台加油站銷售，代表生質能源日後將逐漸的普遍化。目前生質柴油的生產方式皆採用轉酯化製程，為提高轉化率，反應時間長達一小時。反應時採用強鹼作催化劑，反應後需設立廢水處理系統，工廠操作成本高。本研究採用加氫飽和及加氫脫氧的方式，飽和棕櫚油中的烯烴和脫除其中的氧原子。實驗應用固有的加氫脫硫設備，添加棕櫚油至一般柴油進料中，經由加氫脫硫設備，將棕櫚油中的烯烴飽和及氧原子脫除，形成正烷烴的碳氫化合物。這些正烷烴的碳氫化合物和柴油中的成份相同，而且正烷烴的碳氫化合物含有高的十六烷值指數，可提高原有柴油進料中的十六烷值指數。在加50wt%的棕櫚油至柴油進料中時，柴油產品的十六烷值指數由不含棕櫚油的57提高到66。

關鍵字

生質柴油 ； 轉酯化製程 ； 十六烷值指數

並列摘要

Recently, biodiesel has been receiving increasing attention due to high price variation of crude oil and fossil fuel's environmental impact. On July 27, 2007, Taiwan sold B1 biodiesel at Taoyuan and Chia-Yi County and sold B1 biodiesel at every county in Taiwan on October 15, 2008. Biodiesel will be ubiquitous in future. The technique of produce biodiesel mostly used transesterification method. It extends reaction time to 1 hour for improving conversion rate. Due to strong alkalis used as a catalyst, waste water processing system must be set up. It will increase the operating cost. Our research uses hydrogenation to saturate olefin and hydrodeoxygenation to remove oxygen atom of palm oil. We mix palm oil to common diesel oil feed and apply the inherent hydrodesulfurization equipment. By way of the hydrodesulfurizing equipment, it removes the oxygen atom of palm oil and forms the n-alkane that is the same n-alkane in diesel oil. The n-alkane hydrocarbon has high cetane index, it would enhance in original diesel oil cetane index. When 50 wt% palm oil has been added into diesel feed, the diesel product's cetane index increases from 57 to 66.

並列關鍵字

Biodiesel ； Transesterification ； Cetane Index