重油加氫脫硫再生觸媒應用於RDS工場的可行性評估

The Evaluation of the Feasibility of Applying Regenerated Hydrodesulphurization Catalysts for RDS Units

黃秀芳(Hsiu-Fuan Huang) ； 陳憲鴻(Shiann-Horng Chen) ； 洪正宗(Cheng-Tsung Hong)

《石油季刊》 49卷1期 (2013/03) Pp. 29-36

摘要

再生後的重油加氫脫硫觸媒在物性、活性、及操作週期與原新鮮觸媒比較，存在差異。在物性上，再生的重油加氫脫硫觸媒平均孔洞直徑增大，表面積及總孔洞體積均降低。觸媒上仍殘留0.82 wt%硫及0.12 wt%碳等成份，扣除原含浸的活性金屬含量，仍有2.75 wt%的金屬元素沉積在觸媒表面及孔洞內。活性及壽命測試為利用試驗工場RDS反應系統進行，測試的兩組觸媒系統在裝填體積上皆為80%新鮮觸媒與20%再生重油加氫脫硫觸媒的組合。結果證實，再生重油加氫脫硫觸媒在各方面的活性，皆不如脫金屬併脫硫的雙功能觸媒。與原新鮮脫硫觸媒比較，除脫金屬活性不變，脫硫及降低殘碳活性均變差。其中降低殘碳能力的降低導致觸媒系統在總觸媒上金屬沉積量（MOC）達0.07 g/cc時，積碳引發隙流效應，活性快速喪失。改變觸媒裝填方式由逐層至分散裝填，可成功消除隙流效應，延長MOC 0.01 g/cc的使用週期。操作末期活性的快速衰退及容易引起壓差等不利因素，再生後的重油加氫脫硫觸媒並不建議使用於RDS工場。

關鍵字

再生觸媒 ； 重油脫硫 ； 脫硫 ； 降低殘碳

並列摘要

The divergences between regenerated hydrodesulphurization catalysts and fresh catalysts were disclosed in terms of physical properties, activities, and operation life. In physical properties, regeneration process as based on the used catalysts have larger average pore diameter, but smaller surface area and total pore volume. There were 0.82 wt% sulfur and 0.12 wt% carbon left on the regenerated catalysts. The original impregnation metals being put aside, 2.75 wt% metals were measured to deposit on the surface or in the pores of regenerated catalysts. The activity and life tests were performed in a RDS pilot plant. Two catalyst systems, both with a combination of 80 vol% fresh catalysts and 20 vol% regenerated catalysts, were tested. The Results verified that the performances of regenerated catalysts were inferior to bi-functional catalyst. Compared to the fresh original catalysts, the regenerated catalysts showed the same de-metallization activity, but worse de-sulfurization and de-MCR activities. The fast deactivation happened due to the channeling effect, induced by coking, as the metal on catalysts (MOC) reached 0.07 g/cc. A change of loading methods from layer by layer to dispersion helped eliminate the channeling phenomenon and prolong the operation duration of 0.01 g/cc MOC. The regenerated hydrodesulphurization catalysts were not suggested to be used in RDS units due to the disadvantageous factors of fast deactivation and substantial pressure drop during the final stage of operation.

並列關鍵字

Regenerated Catalyst ； RDS ； Desulphurization ； de-MCR