分散式太陽光電系統的有效維運管理

傳統的太陽能發電型態多以（集中式）大型太陽能案場，因具規模經濟效益，除較低的設置成本外，在維護上相較於分散式太陽光電（PV）系統也更具維護成本優勢。然而，隨著國內興建大型地面型發電廠日益困難，可預見分散式PV系統的佔比逐漸提高。分散式PV系統具有案場散佈廣、每處（案場）設置容量少的特性，設備如何有效管理維護，一直是分散式PV系統維運者不得不重視之議題。本文依據協助中油公司監測管理200座以上PV系統之經驗，彙整提供如何有效管理分散式PV系統的建議與心得分享，討論章節包括中央監測維運管理系統、維運人員組織配置架構／分層負責、異常維修和定期檢點標準作業流程，彼此相輔相成，在分散式太陽光電系統維運管理中各扮演重要角色。總結來說，中央監測維運管理系統是有效維運管理分散式PV系統最關鍵的核心。然而要將監測管理系統最大化的利用，須搭配合適的維運人員組織配置，分層負責不同的任務，對於各項異常維修、定期檢點，配合監測管理系統，建立標準化的處理流程，並對於「系統設置資料」及「維運管理紀錄」做良好的維護。同時定期檢點發現早期PV系統異常，彌補監測管理系統不足之處，確保長期的有效發電及預防可能的工安意外。

關鍵字

分散式太陽光電系統；系統維運管理；太陽光電監測系統

並列摘要

Most of the traditional Solar PV types are (centralized) large-scale solar farms. Due to the economies of scale, in addition to lower installation costs, maintenance costs are also more costly than distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, as it is increasingly difficult to build large-scale ground-based power plants in Taiwan, it is foreseeable that the number of distributed PV systems will gradually increase. Distributed PV system has the characteristics of wide spreading and small capacity of each (site). How to effectively manage and maintain equipment has always been a topic for O&M companies. Based on the experience of assisting CPC in monitoring and managing more than 200 PV systems, this article will provide suggestions and experience sharing on how to effectively manage distributed PV systems. The discussion chapters include (1) central monitoring and maintenance management system, (2) maintenance personnel, organization and responsibility, (3) Standard operating procedures for abnormal maintenance and regular inspections. Each play an important role in the maintenance and management of the distributed solar photovoltaic system. In summary, the central monitoring and maintenance management system is the most critical core of the effective maintenance and management for distributed PV systems. However, to maximize the benefit of the monitoring management system, it is necessary to organize and configure appropriate maintenance personnel to be responsible for different tasks in different levels. About abnormal maintenance and regular inspections, cooperate with the monitoring management system to establish a standardized procedure. The information of each PV system and ＂Maintenance Management Record＂ must be well preserved digitally. Besides, regular inspections can find abnormalities in the early stage that the monitoring and management system cannot. It ensures long-term effective power generation and prevent possible hazards.