岩石破壞歷史的判斷利器－裂形學

Fractography-An Useful Tool for Identifying Fracture History

鄭富書(Fu-Shu Jeng) ； 林銘郎(Ming-Lang Lin)

《地工技術》 46期 (1994/06) Pp. 67-76

https://doi.org/10.30140/SG.199406.0006

摘要

本文首先介紹工程材料的基本破裂形式：延性破裂、脆性破裂與斷裂；並進而集中介紹脆性破裂的裂面特徵與破裂機制及破裂歷程的相互關係，即所謂之裂形學。本文接著介紹裂形學在岩石力學研究的應用，包括巴西式張力試驗、單軸壓力試驗、深穿透試驗及裂縫連通試驗。裂形學可運用於工址調查，籍以判斷工址岩石的破裂機制與應力歷史，從而協助工程師增加對工址狀況的瞭解。

關鍵字

裂形學 ； 脆性破裂 ； 破裂面特徵

並列摘要

The fracture patterns of engineering material are introduced in this paper, including ductile fracture, brittle fracture and rupture. This paper focuses on the fracture of brittle material and the features of the fracture surface, so called fractography. Fractography reveals a lot of useful information such as fracture origin, trace of crack front, development of cracks and associated stress conditions such as opening mode, sliding mode or tearing mode.Applications of fractography in identifying crack origin and mechanism of fracture to Brazilian tests, uniaxial compression tests, deep penetration and crack coalescence, are presented to demonstrate how information of fractography can be used to identify fracture history.

並列關鍵字

fractography ； brittle fracture ； morphologies of rock fracture