地錨在台灣之邊坡穩定發展沿革及適用性探討

地錨使用在高挖方邊坡及具有較深層破壞潛能邊坡之穩定功能與防制效益上，確實有其優越性，過去曾廣為國內工程界肯定及採用，但於普遍採用後之地錨，因頗多業者欠缺正確的認知，對其設計與施工品質未能有效確實管控，以至於自從民國86年汐止林肯大郡之順向坡坍塌及地錨嚴重破壞，導致慘重人命傷亡之災變發生後，社會大眾及工程界出現不少反對採用地錨之聲浪。本文主要係對地錨之適用性及設計和施工中，可能存在之諸多缺失逐一探討，並從制度及管理等各方面，提出如何改正錯誤觀念、積習及防止類似地錨破壞災害之建議。希望工程師能以較持平的心態，更審慎的態度，確切瞭解地錨之特性，善用地錨之優點，並嚴控其設計與施工之品質，以防止破壞情事與災害的再度發生；而非受不良案例導引，因噎廢食，將功能及效益皆甚佳，且設計與施工之準則、規範已頗嚴謹、完善之地錨視為畏途，反而應更積極謀求改善地錨品質之道，方為促使邊坡穩定工程技術水準向上提昇，並得以獲致有效防止邊坡破壞與災害之正確思維。

關鍵字

邊坡穩定；永久性地錨；防蝕；適用性

並列摘要

Anchors are often used as part of the stabilization measure for cut slopes which are high or natural slopes which have high potential of sliding. In the past, this method is used and recognized widely by Taiwan engineering fields. However, due to lack of right understanding, the design and quality of popularly used ground anchors are not controlled effectively. Since the Lincon Community disaster that led to 28 persons died occurred in 1997, many people and some engineers have claimed against using anchors to stabilize slopes. To counter balance the view points, this paper discusses the suitability of anchors, and the key problems encountered during design and construction stages. In addition, some suggestions from system and management aspects are given to correct the wrong concepts and prevent ground anchor failure. And, wish engineers could have open mind and careful attitude to understand the suitability of ground anchor. Utilizing the strong point of ground anchor and well-controlled design and quality to prevent the failure. Don't give up this kind of well-developed method. On the contrary, engineers should look for better solution to improve ground anchor more aggressively. Then, to promote the technology in slope stability and to acquire appropriate thoughts in avoiding slope failure and calamity.

並列關鍵字

slope stability ； anchor ； corrosion ； suitability

國際替代計量

地錨在台灣之邊坡穩定發展沿革及適用性探討

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