多面體造型及相關問題－以清乾隆朝玻璃胎畫琺瑯黃地福壽八楞瓶為例

多面體是指由平面和直線組成的幾何式形體而言。本文以清乾隆朝製玻璃胎畫琺瑯黃地福壽八楞瓶為中心的研究，主要想從生產面、裝飾風格和器形特徵探討該件作品出現的契機，及與之相關可以解決和未能解決的種種問題。玻璃胎畫琺瑯黃地福壽八楞瓶器身由六個正方形和八個正三角形組成，以今天的角度視之，可對應至阿基米德立體之截半立方體。同時，檢閱相關的檔案史料也能追溯出該品命名及傳世的經過。有趣的是，在釐清相似器形出現的脈絡中，除了發現十八世紀皇家作坊同時生產仿明折方瓶和八楞瓶一類器形外，也意外修正了前人始終以為伊朗十二世紀薔薇水瓶作為折方瓶祖型的論點。另外，值得持續觀察的是，儘管自古以來，多面體器已縱貫整個中國生產線，甚至存在世界各個領域，儼然成為全球網絡中可以捕捉到的器形。但從該品於乾隆六年始裝匣入藏的時間點往前推，除能據以追溯出可能相關的背景外，本文最後也建議其成器及裝飾特色，應同步納入清康熙朝以來的中西交流面下理解。

關鍵字

多面體；乾隆朝；康熙朝；玻璃胎畫琺瑯；清乾隆八楞瓶；明宣德折方瓶

並列摘要

Polyhedron is a solid geometric figure formed by planes and lines. This article focuses on the ＂Glass Octagonal Vase with Inscription of Blessing and Longevity in Painted Enamels＂ made in the Qianlong reign of the Qing dynasty. From the perspectives of production, design, and shape, this article examines the emergence and both the solved and unsolved questions of the vase. The glass octagonal vase is composed of eight triangular and six square surfaces, which constitute a cuboctahedron, also known as an Archimedean solid, nowadays. Looking into historical documents allows us to trace the denomination and circulation of this vase. Interestingly, while exploring the emergence of works with the similar shape, this study not only discovers the production of Ming-style faceted vases and octagonal vases by the imperial workshop of the eighteen century, but also amends the previous argument that regarded the Iranian Rosewater Sprinkler of the twelfth century as the prototype of faceted vases. Also, it is worth noting that polyhedral objects have appeared throughout the Chinese production line and even in various fields across the world since the ancient times. The polyhedron seems to have become a common shape in the global network. In tracing the possible context of production before the sixth year of the Qianlong reign when this vase was stored in the case, this article suggests viewing the production and decoration of the vase in the framework of cultural interactions between the East and the West during the Kangxi reign.