當代生殖消費：以跨國大型商業精子銀行為考察對象

生殖消費是人們透過消費進行生殖實踐的過程，本文主要針對以跨國大型商業精子銀行（international commercial sperm bank, ICSB）為對象之生殖消費開展考察。跨國大型商業精子銀行雖對女性生育與多元型態家庭構建提供了重要支持，成為全球跨境生殖照護與供體精子網絡中的要角，但人們對其評價分歧、多有批判，且目前相關論述多源自歐美，研究分佈亦呈現不均，台灣公眾與學術界對此則幾無相關討論。因此，本文旨在對相關文獻進行回顧與分析，以作為大眾理解跨國大型商業精子銀行與生殖消費的基礎。本文採用次級資料研究法，於2014年至2021年間，對學術文獻、專書、國際新聞媒體文本、國際組織資料庫、精子銀行及診所網站資料進行蒐羅與整合，並依據「以ICSB為對象之生殖消費」、「網路作為生殖消費之媒介與其管理」、「生殖消費與家庭網絡建構」及「生殖實踐中的消費選擇」之主題，分別呈現既有研究與常見論辯面向。本文認為，以生殖消費作為軸線，可為我們分析ICSB提供新的論述空間與資源，有利於未來賡續於研究與實務面向，對ICSB此一全球議題進行深入探究。

關鍵字

供體精子；捐贈受孕家庭；跨境生殖照護；人工協助生殖科技；跨國大型商業精子銀行

並列摘要

Reproductive consumption is the process of reproductive practice through commercial means. This paper focuses on reproductive consumption in international commercial sperm banks. International commercial sperm banks support female fertility and diverse family-making, and they facilitate cross-border reproductive care and donor sperm networks; nevertheless, they have been subject to various criticisms and valuations. To date, most of the relevant discourse originates in Europe and the United States, and the distribution of research is uneven; moreover, discussion of this topic in Taiwan at both the public and academic levels is limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to review and analyze the literature to enhance the understanding of international commercial sperm banks and reproductive consumption for further research and practical work. The study adopted secondary research as the primary research method and collected and integrated relevant material from the academic literature, monographs, international news media, international organization databases, and websites of sperm banks and clinics for the period from 2014 to 2021. Extant studies and common debates were categorized under the themes "reproductive consumption in international commercial sperm banks," "the internet as a medium of reproductive consumption and its management," "reproductive consumption and family network construction," and "consumption choices in reproductive practices." The author argues that the use of reproductive consumption as a framework offers a new space and resource for analyzing international commercial sperm banks, which is conducive to the further investigation of international commercial sperm banks for both research and practice.

並列關鍵字

donor sperm ； donor-conceived families ； cross-border reproductive care (CBRC) ； assisted reproductive technology (ART) ； international commercial sperm bank (ICSB)

參考文獻

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