急診室流程模擬系統之開發

Design of An ER workflow Simulation System

張國頌(Kuo-Song Chang) ； 陳雅筑(Ya-Ju Chen) ； 蔡育秀(Yuh-Show Tsai) ； 古添全(Alec Gou)

《中華民國急救加護醫學會雜誌》 14卷2期 (2003/06) Pp. 64-74

https://doi.org/10.30018/JECCM.200306.0003

摘要

急診醫療資訊化的首要目的在爭取救治病患的時間。實際的急診作業中，明顯影響病患就診時間的重要因素之一就是病患動向無法即時掌握。尤其，當突遇重大災難或急診室的病患人數瞬間增加時，若醫療人員無法確實掌握病患動向而就有限醫療資源作適當的分配，就會造成看護延緩而危急病患的生命。
為解決上述的問題，本研究初步是以開發發展急診室流程模擬系統為目的，透過此模擬系統可瞭解急診室醫療能量與效能。研究結果已建置完成系統使用者端介面，並以模擬資料測試系統介面顯示與功能的正確性。系統主要功能可以圖形與數字組合方式顯示急診室內各醫院動向的病患人數、各個病患的出入動向。此部份資訊可以輔助醫療人員掌握急診室現場的病患動向。裴氏圖建構的急診室傷病患看診作業流程模型，可以透過可及性推演經過不同處理動作之後的病患負載分佈情形。模擬結果將能輔助管理人員適時配置人力與資源，以適切的調整作業流程來達到最大的醫療資源利用。
本研究最後完成一套監控急診室內傷病患動向的即時系統。系統架構是由電腦主機、射頻辨識器(radio frequency identification; RFID)與圖形化介面控制軟體組成。透過模擬系統與射頻辨識器結合後，完成監控急診室內傷病患動向的即時系統；藉由此系統醫統人員將可確實掌握病患動向，將有限的醫療資源做更適當的分配。

關鍵字

射頻辨識器 ； 裴氏圖

並列摘要

The main intent of emergency medical informatics is to reduce delays in treating patients. One of the major factors that affects, delays in medical care is losing trace of patients. Especially when an unprecedented disaster occurs, the dramatic increase in the number of patients will result in delays in medical care, and hence, will endanger patients' lives.
Based on the above statement, a real-time emergency room (ER) patient tracking system is proposed. The system architecture consists of a computer, Radio Frequency Identification, (RFID), and graphical interface software. The goal of this study may to develop an ER workflow simulation system and a workflow simulation algorithm; in the future, it is expected that an RFID subsystem for real-time ER patient can be established tracking. Development of the software was divided into 3 parts:(1) defining system requirements and in situ workflow;(2)using Petri Nets(PN)for modeling the ER patient workflow; and (3)checking the reachability property by PN simulation.
Finally, the study shows that by using simulated data, which are extracted from the Hospital Information System(HIS),this system can generate useful information for medical staff about a patient's track, and resource conditions using sets of graphs and numbers. PN modeling of an ER patient workflow model can simulate possible loadings of patients using reachability analysis. The results could help supervisors reallocate personnel and resources to achieve maximum medical utilization.

並列關鍵字

radio frequency identification ； petri nets