Bacterial Infections in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

肝硬化病患之細菌性感染

侯民波(Min-Po Ho) ； 蔡光超(Kaung-Chau Tsai) ； 林建助(Chien-Chu Lin) ； 李宗熙(Tzong-Hsi Lee)

《中華民國急救加護醫學會雜誌》 22卷2期 (2011/06) Pp. 55-64

https://doi.org/10.30018/JECCM.201106.0001

摘要

肝硬化患者之細菌感染是常見的嚴重病發症，這些患者經常到急診室就醫或住院治療。最常見的併發症：包括自發性細菌性腹膜炎、肺炎、泌尿道感染、菌血症和其他感染。肝硬化患者特別容易受到細菌感染，因為細菌移位增加可能與肝功能障礙、降低網狀內皮功能、醫源性因素有關係。事實上，肝硬化患者細菌感染後，住院治療中死亡率大約是15%，是無感染肝硬化患者的兩倍以上。在這篇文章中，我們將提供一個簡要概述有關流行病學、臨床表徵、治療和預防這些肝硬化患者之併發症。

關鍵字

細菌感染 ； 肝硬化 ； 自發性細菌性腹膜炎 ； 消化道出血

並列摘要

Bacterial infections are common and severe complication of liver cirrhosis which is frequently encountered in the emergency department and hospitalized cirrhotic patients. The most frequent infections include spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and bacteremia. Cirrhotic patients are particularly susceptible to bacterial infections because of increased bacterial translocation, possibly related to liver dysfunction and reduced reticuloendothelial function, and iatrogenic factors. In fact, the in-hospital mortality of cirrhotic patients with infections is approximately 15%, more than twice that of patients without infection. In this article, we provide a brief overview of the epidemiology, manifestations, management and prophylaxis of these complications in cirrhotic patients.

並列關鍵字

bacterial infection ； liver cirrhosis ； spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ； gastrointestinal bleeding