倪柝聲教會思想之研究（1925-1938）－一個中西對話的面向

倪柝聲為中國近代著名的基督新教領袖，「小羣」運動（「地方教會」、「教會聚會所」）的領導人。早年受到英國傳教士和受恩的栽培與引介而與西方基督教密切接觸，大量閱讀西方基督教之典籍，尤其是英國普利茅斯弟兄會的著作，對基督教的信仰形成其獨到的見解。而由於實際佈道、成全信徒的需要，他開始觸及、探究教會的問題。英國弟兄會的領袖達秘的教會思想成為他重要的參考依據。進而隨著治理、建造教會的需求，他對教會思想的闡釋逐漸形成一套完整的系統，成為「地方教會」運動發展的指導原則，至今其影響遍及全球。本文旨在探索倪氏如何透過與達秘之教會思想的對話而發展、轉變並形成他自己特有之教會思想的過程。「小羣」運動最初採取弟兄會的「聚會」形式，但是隨著在中國本地教會的發展，倪氏的教會思想也與時俱進，走向一地一會、自治自養的「地方教會」形式。在這樣的發展過程中，倪氏產生出他對基督教信仰認知與詮釋之原創性的貢獻。而在中西文化互動的視角之下，倪氏的教會思想也可以被看成是對西方教會思想一種批判性的繼承。

關鍵字

達秘；時代論；地方教會；地方界線；地方立場；恢復史觀

並列摘要

Watchman Nee (1903-72) was a famous Protestant among the Chinese and the leader of the ”Little Flock” or ”Local Church” Movement. Greatly influenced by the western Christian thinkers and missionaries and occasioned by his leadership in an indigenous Christian movement, Nee was stimulated to explore the truth of the Church in the Bible for the practice of Christian life in China. In this essay the author proposes to present Nee's conceptualization of the Church in progress from 1925 to 1938. Especially, we put the formation of his idea of the Church in contrast with the ecclesiological thought of John Nelson Darby (1800-82), the notorious leader of the ”Plymouth Brethren”. We will see in details how Nee's thought of the Church budded, developed and got into mature in a manner of dialogue with Darby's teaching. In the end we argue that Nee's thought of the Church was a result of a dialectical interaction with Darby's doctrine of the Church, as well as of a blueprint for the guidance of the ”Local Church” movement in China.