本文透過政治過程論(political process theory)的觀點,探討日本安倍晉三內閣推動解除集體自衛權行使禁令的政治過程。首先,本文梳理戰後日本決策型態,由「官僚主導」轉型為「官邸主導」的政治過程。其次,檢視安倍內閣變更歷年來堅持的憲法第九條解釋,允許日本自衛隊行使集體自衛權以協防受到攻擊的友好國家之決策過程。其後,檢討安倍內閣的權力基礎,以及法案在國會審議過程中,在野黨、輿論對於《和平安全法制關聯法案》的影響。最後結論認為,面對在野黨杯葛與多數輿論反對的情況下,法案依然表決通過、完成立法,明顯呈現「安倍一強」與「官邸主導」的日本國內政治結構。
This article examines the political process of the Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's cabinet lifting the ban on allowing Japan's Self-Defense Forces to exercise the right of collective self-defense through the perspective of Political Process Theory. First, this article reviews Japan's postwar policy-making pattern, which is the political process of transforming the pattern from "bureaucrat-led" to "Prime Minister's Office-led." Second, this article examines the decision-making process of Abe's cabinet to permit Japan's Self-Defense Forces to exercise the right of collective self-defense, which allows for the use of force overseas to help a friendly country under attack. The decision changed the Japanese government's long-standing position that Article 9 of the Constitution of Japan prohibited the country from engaging in collective self-defense. Third, this article examines Abe cabinet's power base and the process of the National Diet's deliberation on the "Legislation for Peace and Security" under the influences of the opposition parties and public opinions. Finally, this article concludes that in the face of boycotts by the main opposition parties and opposition from the opinion of the majority, the enactment of the Legislation which clearly presents a domestic-political structure of "Abe as Number One" and "Prime Minister's Office-led."