陸羽之成長、性格與學識－兼論與道家的關係

Lu Yu and Taoism: A Study of Growth, Character, and Learning

康才媛(Tsai-Yuan Kang)

《淡江史學》 27期 (2015/09) Pp. 15-34

摘要

中國飲茶文化的統整者為陸羽，他之所以能夠建構完整的飲茶文化，得之於個人的條件，例如個人成長環境、性格特質、學識能力等因素，若仔細剖析這些特質最鮮明的元素莫過於道家思想的底蘊。以成長環境而言，「遊歷學習」是陸羽奉行的學習模式，他生長、隱居、遊歷的地區，是道教文化的活躍區，他對道家與道教思想自然不陌生。此外，陸羽性格追求自我，個性率直真誠，生命情懷服膺莊子所追求純真自然本性的理念，因此雖有政治理想，但不追求名位，也是道家精神的展現。另外，陸羽的學識能力與求知模式也受道家文化影響，不僅接觸充滿道教元素的茶文化典籍，也實踐莊子追求適性自足，探索萬物「道」之「精妙」的求知精神。以上的道家文化是陸羽性格與生命態度中極重要的基礎。

關鍵字

陸羽 ； 道家

並列摘要

The tea culture mapped out in Cha Jing or Classic of Tea is shaped by the author's personal learning, character, and environment of growth. One of the crucial and common determining elements within these three is the Taoist thoughts. In terms of environment of growth, Lu Yu believed in learning through travelling. The places where he grew up, travelled, and lived as a recluse were all regions immersed in Taoist culture. Furthermore, in his personal character, Lu Yu was devoted to the self and famous for his ingenuousness. Throughout his life, he pursued Zhuang Zi's ideals of pure and essential nature; while having a clear political view, Lu Yu did not seek positions in mundane world. Taoist perspectives also influenced Lu Yu's learning and modes of knowledge. He was well-read in all tea classics filled with Taoist elements; he also put into practice the urge of knowing the subtleties of the Tao within the universe. These elements of Taoist culture formed the foundation of aesthetics in the Classic of Tea.

並列關鍵字

Lu Yu ； Taoism