「空軍三重一村」眷村文資再利用政策研究

The Study of Cultural Assets Reuse Policies towards Military Kindred Village ＂Air Force San-Chong Village 1＂

王韻涵(Wang, Yun-han)

《淡江史學》 30期 (2018/09) Pp. 51-83

摘要

眷村是臺灣特有的歷史產物，也是臺灣重要的文化資產之一。眷村獨特的空間場域及各地文化特色，注重人我互助精神，具有豐富的人文內涵，不僅蘊含在地記憶，同時也是歷史縮影。新北市幅員廣大，人口約有398萬人，為全國第1位；全市共有94個眷村，居全國第2位；眷戶數為9,189戶，居全國第5位，並包含有陸軍、海軍、空軍、聯勤、後備、憲兵、軍情局、國安局等各軍種眷村。位於新北市三重區的「空軍三重一村」，原址為日治二次大戰末期，日軍為防禦盟軍的空襲，興建作為防禦臺灣總督府及臺北橋的防砲陣地，國軍來臺後於民國43年闢建眷村，沿著防砲陣地為中心，向外圍建起連棟式平房建築，作為防砲陣地及地下坑道的遮掩體，眷村內至今仍保有大型防空洞及防衛臺北地區之高射砲或五零機槍之陣地遺跡。是北臺灣保存最完整、規模較大之眷村歷史建築，民國95年被列為歷史建築，民國101年被選為「國軍老舊眷村保存文化園區」。本文探討眷村的定義及眷村政策形成，就「空軍三重一村」從清領時期、日治時期的土地空間，到光復後的眷村興建，再於民國85年至今的眷村文化保存之各歷史階段脈絡，了解「空軍三重一村」發展概況。最後，探討新北市政府於「空軍三重一村」的文資再利用政策，於觀察國防部與文化部之中央政策目標後，因應新北市現階段為「修復及再利用工程」期間，提出工程完工後之軟體政策方向建議，期作為空軍三重一村修復工程完工後之文資再利用政策參考。

關鍵字

空軍三重一村 ； 眷村 ； 歷史建築 ； 眷村保存文化園區

並列摘要

Military Kindred Village is a unique historical product, as well as an important cultural asset of Taiwan. Diverse features originated from different areas, along with cooperative spirit can be found from this unique space and from the people living here. Its rich humanist culture is the memory and a part of epitome of Taiwan history. New Taipei city is a big area. This city populates the most residents in Taiwan (3,980,000 people). Among which are 94 military kindred villages (2nd most in Taiwan) and 9,189 households (5th most), varying from kindreds of army, marine, air force, to many other servicemen in different government units. Located in San-Chong district, ＂Air Force San-Chong Village 1＂ was originally a fortress constructed by Japanese for the defending of air-raids from the allies near the end of World War 2. Later, Taiwan government reconstructed this place in 1954; they built houses outwards the fortress as the camouflage of underground tunnels. Today, we can still see the big dugout caves, as well as the historical sites of anti-aircraft guns and machine guns .50. This village becomes the most well-preserved big-scale historical military kindred village in northern Taiwan. It was listed as a historical construction in 2006. Furthermore, it was transformed into ＂Old Military Kindred Village Culture Park＂ in 2012. This study first discusses the definition of military kindred villages and the formation of policies toward these villages. Then, it examines the development of ＂Air Force San-Chong Village 1＂ from the aspects of its construction and the usages throughout Qing Dynasty, Japanese colonial period, and the recovery period after Taiwan restoration. Last, after inspecting objectives of central policies in Ministry of National Defense and Ministry of Culture, the study provides suggestions to New Taipei City government regarding the reuse of cultural assets and software policies after its current ＂Restoration and Reuse Project＂ is completed. The results of this study can be used as an aid for New Taipei City government to the design of cultural assets reuse policies after the completion of ＂Air Force San-Chong Village 1 Restoration Project＂.

並列關鍵字

Air Force San-Chong Village 1 ； military kindred village ； historical construction ； military kindred village preservation culture park

參考文獻

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教育部國語辭典簡編本檢索系統，http://dict.concised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/jbdic/gsweb.cgi?o=djbdic&searchid=Z00000024236，2018 年1 月20 日瀏覽。