法醫死因鑑定案件職業及死因分析研究

Correlation of Occupational and Cause of Death in Forensic Cases 1991-1992

蕭開平(Kai-Ping Shaw) ； 方中民(John-Ming Fong)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 2卷1期 (1995/01) Pp. 198-208

摘要

健全的法醫制度為全民醫療政策之基礎。法醫學實又為公共衛生學中重要之一環。從案件審查鑑定分析及公共衛生上之職業分析及生命統計來尋找犯罪的趨向，由「自然死」、「意外」、「自殺」、「他殺」之死亡方式，進一步分析「死亡機轉」或「直接死因」、「間接死因」之死亡原因尋找職業相關社會動態及相關之危險因素指標來預測未來我們社會人口死亡方式的變遷，掌握社會演變之脈動。由法醫中心1991及1992年案件分析死者之職業及其死亡原因之關連性為本篇研究之主要目的，繼而尋求預防非自然死及職業相關傷害的發生策略，以保障國民的健康及權益。在歸納整理1991及1992年法醫案例死因分析，並建立了基本資料庫後，必能提供各種死亡方式（如意外、他殺、自殺、自然死）之分析，及各種死亡型態，如職業分析等，均可詳加分析研討，以提供為警政及公共衛生醫政措施策略之考量。由分析法醫死因案件後，能清楚了解「非自然死」之死亡方式（包括自殺、他殺及意外），以“司機”為職業之自殺率又高居各種職業之首。由職業分析法醫死亡案件，能明瞭職業特性及可能造成死亡之原因。在職業傷害防治上可扮演重要之角色。在完成了基本資料邏輯分析後，更能由基本資料做廣泛統計分析工作，以提供為公共衛生政策及行政施政之參考。

關鍵字

職業病 ； 死亡調查系統 ； 死亡原因

並列摘要

Although the Chinese death investigation system is one of the ancient coroner system of legal medicine history, the remodeling process of death investigation system into coroner and medical examiner combined system in Taiwan is undergoing. The policy of civil right protection is the motivation to analyze the manners of death and the cause of death. The manners of death including nature cause, accident, suicide, homicide and pending as well as direct and indirect cause of death of each medico-lgeal case collected from Forensic Medicine Center, Prosecutor’s Office Attached to Taiwan High Court in 1991 and 1992 are carefully categorized by medico-legal investigation procedure and recorded by ICD-9. Data Collected from the death investigation of manner and causes of death, mechanism of death and occupation of medico-legal cases can be used to statistical analysis to evaluate the trend of death pattern, crime pattern and occupation-related injuries. The main aim of this research is to analyze the correlation between manner of death and occupation of medico-legal fatalities. The orders of the risk of unnatural death cases are “service” and “student”. The highest and second risk rate of accidental death are “service” and “student”, respectively. The suicide cases of “driver” is in the majority and the “student” is the minority. These results are eligible to provide the thoughtfulness of the administrative policy to prevent the occurrence in occupational injury, danger factor and unnatural death in the future development in the Taiwan public health system.

並列關鍵字

Occupational disease ； Death investigation system ； Cause of death