不同職業之心臟血管疾病盛行調查及父母親職業對子女心臟血管疾病危險因子之影響

Relationship of Parents Occupational Status and the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors of School Children

黃旭瑩(Shi-Ying Hwang) ； 祝年豐(Nain-Feng Chu) ； 林璟鈺(Ching-Yu Lin) ； 劉紹興(Saou-Hsing Liou) ； 謝士明(Shye-Ming Shieh)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 4卷2期 (1997/04) Pp. 53-66

摘要

本研究的目的在探討不同職業類別工作者之心臟血管疾病盛行率及父母親的職業對學童血脂肪、血脂蛋白及血壓的顯響。以隨機抽樣的方式，從台北市的全體國中學童產生樣本，共獲得1422位學童為研究樣本的問卷、身體測量、血清生化的資料和2737位學童父母親的職業與心臟血管疾病的相關資料。
本研究的結果顯示，男性工作者高血脂症的盛行率隨社會階層的降低而有減少的趨勢；高血壓盛行率以最低社會階層的非技術工及體力工最高。女性工作者冠狀動脈心臟病的盛行率隨社會階層的降低而呈現上升的趨勢。造成此種差異的職業因素為工作壓力及工作之體力活動量，非職業因素靈生活型態。在控制了非職業因素的影響之後，最低階層的男性工作者罹患高血壓的危險性仍較最高階層者有顯著的升高；愈高社會階層的男性工作者罹患高血脂症的危險性愈高。
父母親對子女心臟肇管疾病危險因子的影響可能來自於飲食習慣、生活型態及社經地位等因素。本研究中對學童血脂肪、血糖、上脂蛋白及血壓有顯著的影響變項主要是性別、年齡、身體質量指數及父親職業。

關鍵字

職業 ； 飲食習慣 ； 生活型態 ； 心臟血管疾病 ； 危險因子

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease among different occupational groups and the relationship between parent's occupation and their children's cardiovascular disease risk factors. After PPS sampling,we matched 1422 students and their parents in this study. We collected parents' occupational history and risk factors of cardiovascular diseas among children & parent's questionnaires.
From this study, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia in male workers decreased in those with lower social class occupation. Non-skilled, manual male workers (lowest social class group) had the highest prevalence of hypertension. The lower social class female workers had higher prevalence of coronary heart disease than those with higher social class. Occupational factors such as work strain, physical activity at work and non-occupational factors such as lifestyes contributed to these differences. After controlling for the influences of non-occupational factors, the prevalence of hypertension in the lowest social class male workers was higher than the highest subjects, and there was more risk of hyperlipidemia in higher social class male workers than lower social class male workers.
Dietary habits, lifestyle and socioeconomic status may be the contributing factors of school children to develop cardiovascular disease. Blood lipids, glucose, apolipoprotein levels among school children were affected significantly by age, gender, body mass index and the parent's occupations. The different occupational classes of their parents may cause the children with varying cardiovascul ar risk factors.

並列關鍵字

Occupation ； Diet pattern ； Lifestyle ； Cardiovascular Disease ； Risk factor