中部地區某教學醫院醫護人員對工作環境危害認知之研究

Research of Occupational Hazards of Medical and Nursing Members at a Teaching Hospital in Taichung

李琳琳(Lin-Lin Li) ； 張玲珍(Lin-Jen Chang) ； 黃金淑(Gin-Shu Hwang) ； 郭憲文(Shing-Wen Kwa)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 4卷2期 (1997/04) Pp. 83-92

摘要

醫護人員是得職業傷病的高危險群。因不工作環境獲得醫療諮詢及照顧的方便，而忽略自身工作環境中的危害。因此本研究之目的在瞭解醫護人員接觸醫院危害物質的頻率及其採取之防護措施與接受安全衛生相關之活動，以期做為醫院提供未來醫護人員預防職業危害措施之參考。研究工具是以結構式問卷調查某教學醫院，工作滿一年以上曾做過2年魁健康檢查之醫護人員共97人。結果發現醫護人員有噪音暴露佔(77.3%)，電腦終端機操作佔(75.2%)，下背痛症狀佔(72.2%)，這些項目頻率較高且其有作防護措施及使用防護具的比例偏低；聽過物質安全資料表的人僅佔(30%)，使用過的只有(9.3%)；接受安全衛生教育訓練的次數少(佔8.3%)。健康檢查結果得知白血球。血色素異常的百分比較高，亦有部分B型肝炎帶原者，無B型肝炎抗體的人在84年度為33人、85年度32人。因此醫院徑政管理者應對醫護人員當予定期安全衛生教育訓練，醫護人員本身加強對各庖害物質使用防護措施。如此才能預防職業病的發生。減少職業危害。

關鍵字

醫護人員 ； 健康檢查 ； 危害因子

並列摘要

Medical and nursing members are a high-risk group to occupational hazards. Because of readily available medical consultation and care, they often neglect the danger at their workplace. This research is for the purpose of studying frequency of hazards material contact, steps to protect and the activities they take part in for safety and hygiene. The result may be a useful reference to setting up occupational hazards protection procedure. We use structural questionnaire to study 97 medical and nursing members who had worked over one year and received health examination twice. We found that frequency of hazards including noisy machines (77.3%), computer termainals (75.2%), low back pains (72.2%) is high and they are seldom prevented by taking steps and using appliances. Thirty percent of the sample have heard about materials safety information list and only 9.3 percent have ever used it. Furthermore only 8.3 percent have received safety and hygiene training. The results of health examinations reveal a higher percentage of white cell count and hemoglobin abnormality. There are some HBV carriers and 33 people have no anti-HBV antibody in 1995 and 32 in 1996. Therefore, hospital administrators should offer safety and hygiene training periodically. What's more, medical and nursing members should practice protection procedures. ln this way, we can prevent occupational diseases and decrease occupational hazards.

並列關鍵字

medical and nursing members ； health examination ； high rksks