In recent years, rapid progress of medical care and biological technology; especially national health insurance carries out successfully. Many medical centers are also building in Taiwan. Because many medical centers are set, infectious medical waste also increase gradually. If‘management of infectious medical waste and infectious ward are poor, the medical personnel and patients will have a harm of biological infection. However, this article will present a case of biological infection about a nurse working in respiratory intensive care unit. She cared the patients of open pulmonary tuberculosis, then got occupational pulmonary tuberculosis. By this case report, it will remind the medical institutions to take care risk and prevention of biological harm, and further protect the medical personnel health.