汽車車燈製造業勞工聽力損失相關因子之研究

The Study of Hearing Loss Factors in Vehicle Lamp Manufacturer Workers

張淑如(S J. Chang) ； 楊子萱(Z S. Yang) ； 王振宇(C Y. Wang)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 17卷1期 (2010/01) Pp. 27-37

https://doi.org/10.30027/CJOM.201001.0004

摘要

台灣汽車零配件產業具有品質優良、創新、少量多樣、彈性製造等國際競爭優勢，2007年台灣車輛工業總產值為4，504億元，佔台灣製造業總產值約3.5%，其中汽車零件業為1，539億元，係為台灣極為重要之工業。本研究以某汽車車燈製造業勞工為研究對象，探討勞工的噪音暴露與聽力損失相關因子的影響。
本研究測量某家汽車車燈製造業的勞工57名為暴露組和行政人員50名為對照組，利用頻譜分析儀、噪音劑量計，進行現場噪音測定，再以聽力檢查儀測量勞工聽力閾值及進行問卷調查，有效問卷共有107份。
結果發現，環境噪音方面暴露組均能音量Leq=81.9±1.0dB(A)高於對照組Leq=59.4±8.2 dB(A)，抽菸方面暴露組有17人(29.8%)、對照組1人(2.0%)；以多項式迴歸分析聽力損失，調整干擾因子之後，年齡、高血壓OR值分別為6.4(95%CI=1.9-20.9)、2.8(95%CI=1.0-7.8)，皆達顯著差異。
建議雇主確實實施聽力保護計畫，以工程改善降低環境噪音量，減少勞工噪音暴露時間並定期實施聽力檢查，確保汽車車燈製造業勞工的健康。

關鍵字

汽車車燈 ； 噪音 ； 聽力損失

並列摘要

The automobile component have excellent quality、innovation、elasticity to make for international competition advantage in Taiwan. The total output value of Taiwan vehicle industry is 4,504 hundred million NT dollars in 2007. The total output value was about 3.5% in Taiwan manufacturing industry, and 1,539 hundred million NT dollars of the automobile component.
Automobile component is a very important industry of Taiwan. The subjects were vehicle lamp manufacturer workers and discussed Factors about noise exposure and hearing loss for workers. The study measured a vehicle lamp manufacturer. There were 57 as exposed subject and 50 as non-exposed. To use spectrum analysis and noise dose meter to measure noise of environment. To measure hearing threshold of workers by audiometry and investigate by questionnaire. The effective questionnaires have 107.
The result was Leq=81.9±1.0dB (A) by the expose group higher than Leq=59.4±8.2 dB (A) by the non-expose group in environmental noise. The expose groups has 17 (29.8%) and non-expose groups have 1 (2.0%) in smoking. The Multinomial Logistic analysis hearing loss of age and hypertension were 6.4 (95%CI=1.9-20.9) and 2.8 (95%CI=1.0-7.8). It were statistically significant after adjustment for interfering factors.
Suggest that employer carry out the hearing conservation programs truly to reduces the noise of the environment by improving engineering. To reduces the time of noise exposure for workers and take audiometry regularly. To ensure healthy hearing for each vehicle lamp manufacturer workers.

並列關鍵字

vehicle lamp ； noise ； hearing loss