南部某區域教學醫院護理人員肌肉骨骼病症之調查

A study on Musculoskeletal Disorders of Nursing Staffs at a Teaching Hospital in Southern Taiwan

陳建蓉(Chien-Jung Chen) ； 謝宗勳(Tzong-Shiun Shieh) ； 張素玲(Su-Ling Chang) ； 方思婷(Szu-Ting Fang)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 19卷2期 (2012/04) Pp. 73-82

https://doi.org/10.30027/CJOM.201204.0002

摘要

背景：在許多行業中，職業性肌肉骨骼病症相當常見，護理人員因工作時須長時間站立，且業務包含搬運、換藥、打針、替病人翻身等，這些動作不斷有彎腰和手部、頸肩重複性動作，易使護理人員成為肌肉骨骼傷害之高危險族群。故本研究主要探討護理人員肌肉骨骼不適之盛行率及分佈情形，也比較了一般病房、加護病房及行政護理人員肌肉骨骼不適之嚴重程度，並分析護理人員於執行作業之各項護理活動的差別與肌肉骨骼不適之相關性。方法：本研究採橫斷式設計，以立意取樣方式選取南部某區域醫院護理人員為對象，有效問卷共計245份。問卷內容包括基本資料、作業內容及九大部位肌肉骨骼不適情形等。結果：1.三組護理人員在不同年齡、工作年資、工作內容、工作班別、運動習慣等有顯著差異（p＜0.05）。2.整體護理人員肌肉骨骼不適之盛行率為56.7%，其中以頸部、肩部及下背部的情形最為嚴重。3.加護病房護理人員在各部位肌肉骨骼不適的盛行率皆顯著高於一般病房及行政護理人員，且多數常見部位症狀的持續時間、頻率及工作或生活影響程度亦高於另外兩族群。4.各項護理活動中以鋪床、搬運病患或重物，收集檢體（抽血）及電腦輸入與肌肉骨骼不適較有相關性。結論：護理人員發生肌肉骨骼不適的機會頗高，且不同部門發生情形有所差別，建議行政主管可針對護理人員不同屬性和科別給予肌肉骨骼不適之相關教育及訓練，以預防或降低護理人員罹患肌肉骨骼之不適。

關鍵字

護理人員 ； 肌肉骨骼不適病症 ； 作業分析

並列摘要

Purpose of the Study :This research was aimed to explore the prevalence and distribution of musculoskeletal pains that nursing staffs suffer, analyze the correlation for musculoskeletal pains and various medical care activities that nursing staffs implement and, evaluate the predisposing factors and degrees of musculoskeletal pains during various medical care activities and, and compare the severity of musculoskeletal pains suffered by nursing staffs in ordinary wards with that in extensive care units.Methods:This research was investigated horizontally with samples of nursing staffs separately selected from ordinary wards and extensive care wards at a regional teaching hospital in Taiwan. There were 245 nursing staffs selected with questionnaire contents including basic attributes, working environment, past history and musculoskeletal pains of 9 major parts of nursing staffs. Results:The prevalence of nursing staffs suffering musculoskeletal pains was rated at 56.7 % wherein low back pain was the most severe one. Significant variance happened in the correlation among musculosketal pains, ages, seniority and work contents (p＜0.05). Among various medical care activities, significant variance happened among musculosketal pains, moving heavy objects, moving patients, pipelining and wound care. Nursing staffs from extensive care units showed higher frequency of musculosketal pains than those from ordinary wards. Conclusions:We suggest that via education and training programs, the nursing staffs from various medical departments and work attributes should be instructed to keep accurate postures and prevent musculoskeletal pains. If manpower could be adjusted and work load could be reduced, it would be helpful to minimize or prevent from the risk for nursing staffs to suffer musculoskeletal pains.

並列關鍵字

Musculosketal Injury ； Nursing Staffs