某醫學中心護理同仁職災經驗及認知之探討

A Study on Experience and Awareness of Occupational Hazard Among Nursing Staff in a Medical Center

沈芳吉(Fang-Chi Shen) ； 章淑娟(Shu-Chuan Chang) ； 王仁宏(Jen-Hung Wang) ； 劉鴻文(Hwan-Wun Liu)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 26卷1期 (2019/01) Pp. 1-19

摘要

背景：近年來，由於醫療環境快速的轉變，身為第一線照護病人之護理人員，必須面對微生物感染、人因工程及游離輻射等職場危害，本研究主要探討不同單位之護理人員職業災害發生的經驗、職業災害擔心的程度以及職業災害經驗與擔心程度之相互關係。方法：本研究為以東部某教學醫院之護理人員為研究對象的橫斷性研究；經研究倫理委員會審查通過後，於2011年12月1日至2012年03月31日期間共收集236位個案，回收率為94.7%；收集之資料經編碼後，以SPSS17.0統計軟體進行描述性與推論性統計分析。結果與討論：不同單位之護理人員發生職業災害以內科病房最高，依序為急重症單位、特殊病房、外科病房，各項職業災害分類以心理社會性因素排名第一。職業災害擔心程度以外科病房最為擔心，依序為急重症單位、特殊病房、內科病房，仍以心理社會性因素擔心程度排名第一。不同單位護理人員在生物性因素、化學性因素、人因工程性因素、心理社會性因素、物理性因素之職業災害經驗與職業災害擔心程度皆有顯著差異。個人的年齡、教育、每天工時、單位及班別在職業災害經驗與職業災害擔心程度有顯著影響。結論：醫療機構管理者可應用以上結果，研擬具體策略以降低護理人員工作環境之危害，讓不同單位之護理人員皆有正確、正向的因應模式，能更安全、安心地提供護理照護，進一步提升病人安全與醫療品質。

關鍵字

護理人員 ； 職業災害 ； 職業災害擔心程度

並列摘要

Background: The medical environment has been evolved rapidly in recent years, nursing staffs the first-line care-givers are facing workplace hazards such as microbacterial infections, ergonomic risks and irradiation. In order to develop valid strategies and procedures, this study investigated occupational hazards had occurred and awareness of potential occupational hazards among nursing staff in different medical units of a medical center. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the nursing staff of a medical center in Eastern Taiwan after approved by the Research Ethics Committee. A total of 236 subjects (recovery rate was 94.7%)were recruited between December 1, 2011 and March 31, 2012. The collected data were coded and analyzed descriptively, and inferential with SPSS 17.0 statistical software. Results and Discussion: The occurrence of occupational hazards was highest among nursing staffs of medical wards, and followed by those of emergency and critical care units, special wards and surgical wards. Psychosocial risk was ranked first in resulting occupational hazards. Nursing staff of surgical wards worried about occupational hazards most, followed by emergency and critical care units, special wards and medical wards. The awareness of occupational hazards among nursing staff of different medical units was varied significantly in respects of biological risks, chemical risks, ergonomic risks, psychosocial risks and physical risks. Age, education, daily work hours, medical units and shifts revealed significant impact on experience and awareness of occupational hazards. Conclusion: The results may be used to implement valid strategies and procedures to reduce the occurrence and promote awareness of occupational hazard among nursing staff, therefor promote the safety and quality of patient care.

並列關鍵字

occupational hazards ； nurse ； awareness