使用柴油摻配甲酯於柴油引擎各種噴油條件之排氣污染研究

Improving Exhaust Emissions of Diesel Engine Using Diesel Fuel Blended with Methyl Ester Under Various Fuel Injection Conditions

吳鴻文(H.W.Wu) ； 哈冀連(J.L.Ha) ； 劉乃禎(N.J.Liu) ； 楊佳穎(J.Y.Yang)

《中國造船暨輪機工程學刊》 21卷1期 (2002/02) Pp. 37-47

https://doi.org/10.29982/JTSNAME.200202.0004

摘要

在眾多的生化燃料中，甲酯燃料因具有可再生能源的性質和低污染的優點而受到青睞。甲酯和柴油具有良好的互溶性，可摻配於柴油中做燃料而不需採用任何措施，所以柴油摻配甲酯應用於柴油引擎運轉具有其實用的可行性。本研究則依不同比例之甲醋摻配柴油做為柴油機之燃料，並在不同引擎轉數及負荷下，以探討不同比例之此種燃料對引擎燃燒過程之影響和污染度。
研究方法針對現有之柴油引擎，在不變更引擎結構的原則下，建立排放污染取樣的量測系統。柴油引擎在不同柴油摻配甲酯之比例下，變更噴油提前角和噴油壓力，並配合不同轉數及負荷進行實驗量測。記錄汽缸內燃氣壓力，噴油管壓力，噴嘴針閥升程，燃油消耗量，空氣流量及Smoke, NOx, CO/HC等排放污染量，以探討該燃料在不同比例下對排氣污染的影響。本實驗所得結果：(l)在柴油中添加入甲酯後，Smoke的濃度在高轉速及高負荷(2000rpm,42.10Nt-m)時會較柴油低，且隨著甲酯比例的增加而降低；CO/HC的濃度均隨著甲酯添加比例增加而逐漸下降。(2)在柴油中添加入甲酯後，適當的增大噴油定時將有助於降低Smoke、CO和HC；但在高噴射壓力下，過大的噴油定時提前角(BTDC29度)將導致NOx、CO和HC的濃度均增加。(3)在柴油中添加入甲醋後，適當的增大噴油壓力將有助於降低CO和HC；但過大的噴油壓力(150kg/cm^2)將導致NOx、smoke、CO和HC的濃度均增加。

關鍵字

生化燃料 ； 甲酯 ； 柴油引擎 ； 排氣污染

並列摘要

Among lots of alternative fuels, methyl ester fuel has the property of recycling energy and the advantage of low emission. Because methyl ester and diesel fuel are miscible, they can be blended as an alternative fuel without any specific device and then have actual feasibility applied on diesel engines. This research is to investigate influence and emissions of diesel fuel blended with methyl ester in combustion process of engines. These parameters consisted of blended methyl ester, engine speeds and loads.
The research method is to establish the measuring system of sampling emissions under the current diesel engine without changing its structure. The cylinder gas pressure, fuel-pipe pressure, nozzle needle lift, fuel consumption, air flow and smoke, NOx and CO/HC emissions have been measured under an operating diesel engine with different contents of blended methyl ester in it. Influence of blended methyl ester contents on exhaust emissions of diesel engine under engine speeds and loads is investigated. This research obtained the following main results: (1) smoke concentration is lower for methyl ester blended in diesel than for diesel fuel, and decreases with an increase in methyl ester content; (2) for methyl ester blended in diesel, the appropriate increase in injection timing assists in decreasing smoke, CO and HC concentrations, but too large value in injection advance timing ( BTD-C29°) results in increasing NOx, CO and HC concentrations; (3) for methyl ester blended in diesel, the appropriate increase in injection pressure assists in decreasing CO and HC concentration. However, a larger value in injection pressure (150kg/cm(superscript 2)) results in increasing NOx, CO, and HC.

並列關鍵字

Biofuel ； Methyl Ester ； Diesel Engine ； Emissions