葉片分析診斷用於晚崙西亞橙肥培管理研究

Study of Using Leaf Nutritional Diagnosis on Valencia Orange Fertilizer Application

張茂盛(Moa-Shen Chang) ； 周泰鈞(Tai-Chun Chou)

《臺東區農業改良場研究彙報》 4輯 (1990/12) Pp. 107-129

https://doi.org/10.6959/RBTDAIS.199012.0107

摘要

為探討晚崙西亞橙葉片分析診斷，推薦氮、鉀肥合理施用量對果實產量及品質之影響，於民國75年9月至78年4月分別在關山鎮片岩沖積土石礫砂質壤土果園及成功鎮黑色土類黏質土果園兩處進行試驗。試驗設計採逢機完全區集，四重複，處理分1.氮鉀推薦區（依據葉片分析推薦），2.氮減施40%區，3.氮增施40%，4.鉀減施40%區，5.鉀增施40%區，6.氮鉀推薦深施區，試驗結果顯示，果園土壤肥力以成功試區優於關山試區。果實產量兩處均有隔年結果現象，而關山鎮產量高於成功鎮2倍左右。76年果實產量兩地區均隨著葉片N.P.K含量之增高而下降趨勢。氮素施用量對果實產量效果，77年成功試區果實產量有隨著氮素之施用量之增加而增加，增減施40%之處理分別比推薦處理增產14%，及減產5%。關山試區則以推薦處理產量最高，增減施40%之處理分別比推薦處理減產26%及29%。78年兩地均以推薦處理產量最高，增減施40%之處理分別減產，49%及46%（成功），5%及20%（關山）。氧化鉀施用量對果實產量效果，77年兩地均隨著施用量之增加而增加。成功試區增減施40%之處理均比推薦處理增產26%及13%，關山試區增施40%處理比推薦處理增產量18%，減施40%者減產3%。78年兩地均以推薦處理產量最高，增減40%之處理分別比推薦處理減產38%及30%（成功），20%及32%（關山）。深施處理兩地在77年效果不佳分別比環施處理減產37%（成功），及6%（關山），78年成功試區比環施增產10%，而關山試區減產46%。氮鉀肥施用量對果實品質之影響差異不顯著。

關鍵字

晚崙西亞 ； 葉片營養濃度 ； 果實品質 ； 氮素效應 ； 鉀肥效應

並列摘要

This trial is conducted in Kuan-Shan (schist alluvial and gravel sandysoil) and Chen-Kung 1989 for studing the valenciaorange fertilizer application by leaf nutritional diagnoses. There were 6 treatments as thefollowing: 1. N and P fertilization by diagnoses as check. 2. N reduced 40%. 3. N strengthened 40%. 4. K reduced 40%. 5. K strengthened 40%. 6. as the first treatment but fertilization were 40 cm depth below soil surface. All of the 6 treatments were under a 4 replicated random complete block design. Both Kuan-Shan or Chen-Kung showed fruit yields bibearing and the soil fertility in Chen-Kung is higher than that of Kuan-Shan though the yield of Chen-kung was just half compared with Kuan-Shan.Fruit yields in 2 sites were decreased under high leaf N.P.K. contents in 1987. Nitrogen application by +40% or -40% treatment were increased by 14% or decreased 5% yield than that of check in Chen-Kung but all decreased by 26 or 29% yield in Kuan-Shen 1988.Potassium application by +40% or -40% treatment were increased by 49 or 46% in Chen-Kung and 5 or 20% in Kuan-Shan than that of check.Fruit yield was increased as potassium application increased in 1988. For example, potassium application by +40% or -40% treatment were all increased by 26 or 13% in Chen- Kung and 18% increased or only 3% decreased in Kuan-Shan than that of check.Fruit yield gained the highest from diagnoses treatment in 1989, as the potassium application by +40% or -40% treatment were all decreased by 38 or 30% in Chen-Kung and 20 or 32% in Kuan-Shan.Deep application of fertilizer showed decreasing in fruit yield by 37% (Chen-Kung), 6% (Kuan-Shan) in 1988, though increasing in fruit yield by 10% in Chen-kung but still decreasing by 46% in Kuan-Shan during 1989. Fruit quality was not being affected by those treatments.

並列關鍵字

Valencia orange ； Leaf nutritional concentration ； Fruit quality ； Nitrogen ； Potassium