鎂合金L形型材擠製研究

鎂合金由於具有密度低、比強度高之特點，目前因輕量化方面之運用而快速成長。一般在生產L形實心產品時，有些是運用口袋模具（Pocket-die）進行生產，而擠製出的產品常常會有彎曲的情形，因此本研究利用有限元素模擬，進行鎂合金AZ31實心L形型材擠製之研究。針對DEFORM模擬研究方面，首先探討實心型材變形機制，發現實心型材變形主要原因是因為材料出口速度不一，導致型材會有彎曲之情形發生。再來探討各製程參數影響，得到擠錠溫度及推桿速度並無法相當有效地改善缺陷情形，而改變口袋角度（Pocket-die angle）可確實改變材料流動情形且改善缺陷。最後規劃多種口袋角度組合之模具設計，對口袋角度組合作一最佳參數化設計，經最佳化設計研究後，原設計下之型材彎曲的情形可獲得改善。此外，針對最佳化模具設計進行實際擠製驗證工作，發現擠製出來之產品外形狀況及擠製噸數與模擬結果趨勢相近，故可暸解DEFORM對於鎂合金擠製製程之模擬具有相當高的準確性，而本研究之研究成果可供鎂合金擠製成形業者進行製程規劃以及模具設計時的參考。

關鍵字

鎂合金；擠製；有限元素法； L形型材；口袋模具； AZ31

並列摘要

The superior properties of magnesium-alloy draw attentions from the light-trend industry recently. In the present study, the extrusion of the L-shape solid product of AZ31 magnesium-alloy is investigated by using pocket-die. However, there are usually bending defect on the solid product. The extrusion process of solid magnesium-alloy product is examined by the finite element analysis and experiments.The finite element software DEFORM is employed to simulate the extrusion processes of L-shape product. At first, the deformation of L-shape product is studied. Result shows that the defect of bending is caused by uneven material flow. Then the influence of important process parameters such as the temperature, extrusion speed, pocket-die angles are investigated by simulations.In the end, it was arranged that a series of pocket-die angles designs to find the optimum design of pocket-die. After optimized the pocket-die design, the bending of original design is improved. Finally, the experiments of L-shape extrusion were conducted to verify the analyzed results. The experimental results obtained in the present study show a good agreement with simulations. The results of this study can be reference resources for related academic research and can also be used to develop related products for industry production.

並列關鍵字

Magnesium-alloy ； Extrusion ； FEM ； L-shape ； Pocket-die ； AZ31

國際替代計量

鎂合金L形型材擠製研究

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