Bacillus cereus isolates have generally been considered to be a contaminant or harmless pathogen. Fatal Bacillus cereus septicemia has been reported occasionally in immunocompromised patients. Recently, there have been reports of fatal cases of septicemia in healthy adults. Herein, we report a patient who developed fulminant and fatal Bacillus cereus septicemia 2 days after discharge from a hospital where he had undergone short-term therapy with low-dose corticosteroids for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).