創新策略與產業聚落內的網路關係如何影響廠商的績效－以新竹科學園區為例

How the Innovation Strategy and the Network Relationship in Industrial Clusters Affect the Firm's Performance: A Case Study of Hsinchu Science Park

王弓(Kung Wang) ； 葉淑瑜(Shu-Yu Yeh) ； 顏慧明(Huey-Ming Yen)

《管理與系統》 28卷4期 (2021/10) Pp. 375-405

https://doi.org/10.29416/JMS.202110_28(4).0001

摘要

本研究以創新理論與網路理論說明聚落效果，並說明廠商開放創新策略，如何影響廠商的績效。主要針對新竹科學園區內185家廠商的追踪資料（panel data），以園區內廠商合作案進行質性編碼，利用社會網路理論的概念分析。透過追踪資料的隨機效果，檢測所有假設推論。聚落內廠商形成不同的創新策略，可概分封閉及開放的創新策略。開放策略又分向內及向外的創新策略。向內創新策略類似廠商的技術移轉合作案例，向外創新策略指聚落內廠商的技術合作網路。考慮園區的聚落效果，向園區外的單位或廠商取得技術時，同時考慮對園區內的資訊流量，而園區內廠商合作案例，則考慮聚落內的網路密集度，二者以不同方式影響廠商績效，結果顯示：廠商向內開放創新策略直接正向影響廠商的績效，當廠商採取向外的開放策略，促使科學園區內形成網路結構，網路密集度正向影響廠商績效。而本研究主要貢獻為聚落理論之擴展。

關鍵字

科學園區 ； 創新策略 ； 研發合作 ； 網路分析 ； 廠商績效

並列摘要

This article explores the impact of R&D cooperative networks evolution on industrial cluster. Departing from prior literatures that often emphasizes on cooperative cases outside science park, this article describes the competitive advantage in specific cluster based on the firm's strategy for open innovation. It took 185 tracking data (panel data) of manufacturers in Hsinchu Science Park. The technique, which we borrow from the social sciences and is known as network analysis to measure open innovation, may be used to explore the impact of those strategies on the cluster. The counting networks use the documented source of technical and product cooperation. The results show: when a firm adopts an inbound innovation strategy, it directly benefits the firm's performances; when a firm adopts an outbound innovative strategy, it promotes the network structure in the science park, and its network density also benefits the firms' performances. The main contribution of this study would be the expansion of cluster theory.

並列關鍵字

Science Park ； Innovation Strategy ； R&D Cooperation ； Networks Analysis ； Firm's Performance

參考文獻

Sofka, W. and Grimpe, C., “Specialized Search and Innovation Performance Evidence Across Europe,” R&D Management, Vol. 40, No. 3, 2010, pp. 310-323.

Spencer, G. M., Vinodrai, T., Gertler, M. S., and Wolfe, D., “Do Clusters Make A Difference? Defining and Assessing Their Economic Performance,” Regional Studies, Vol. 44, No. 6, 2010, pp. 697-715.

Spithoven, A., Frantzen, D., and Clarysse, B., “Heterogeneous Firm-Level Effects of Knowledge Exchanges on Product Innovation: Differences between Dynamic and Lagging Product Innovators,” Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 27, No. 3, 2010, pp. 362-381.

Stuart, T. and Sorenson, O., “Liquidity Events and the Geographic Distribution of Entrepreneurial Activity,” Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 48, No. 2, 2003a, pp. 175-201.

Stuart, T. and Sorenson, O., “The Geography of Opportunity: Spatial Heterogeneity in Founding Rates and the Performance of Biotechnology Firms,” Research Policy, Vol. 32, No. 2, 2003b, pp. 229-253.