納景入事：歐陽修詩中風景書寫的敘事特色

Incorporating Scenery Viewing into Narration: The Characteristics of Landscape Writing Manifested in Ouyang Xiu's Poems

呂梅(Lyu, Mei)

《東海中文學報》 42期 (2021/12) Pp. 1-35

摘要

「風景書寫」殊非古典詩研究中的新鮮議題，然今人學者的相關研究基本富集於中古詩一段，型塑古典詩兩大範型之一的宋調中的樣態為何，探究者寥寥；此或與吉川幸次郎指陳的「宋詩對自然缺乏興趣」及顧彬提出的「中國人的自然觀在唐後無甚變化」的論斷有關。故本文以北宋四家詩之首的歐陽修詩中的風景書寫為例，探究宋調形成期的相關議題。「納景入事」可作為對歐詩特質的集中概括，它指的是以敘事視角觀照和書寫風景；從觀念層來講，風景作為「事」來被看待，審美主體關注客體的具體情境與動態歷程；從筆法層來講，風景的描寫融入於「事」的敘述，體現為時間標誌詞、地點名詞和動作動詞明晰的動態敘述句。文章依次探究「納景入事」的各面向：（一）人化風景與動態句法；（二）敘事要素：人稱、順序、時間、結構；（三）觀念前提：書事意識、泛事觀、敘事化物感知；（四）詩學意義：動態性、歷時化、意象關係的有定及審美經驗的個人性。

關鍵字

宋詩 ； 風景書寫 ； 納景入事 ； 歐陽修 ； 敘事傳統

並列摘要

＂Landscape writing＂ is a common topic in the study of classical Chinese poetry. While most relevant researches in this regard often only focused on the poems of the medieval period, the studies of the Song poetry on this topic had rarely been investigated. This may be partly due to the fact found by Yoshikawa Koziro that poets in the Song Dynasty showed little interest in nature. Another reason given by Wolfgang Kubin is that Chinese people's view of nature had not changed much after Tang Dynasty. This paper discussed the landscape writing in Ouyang Xiu's poems because he is considered as one of the pioneers who creates distinctive features of Song poetry. The article titled ＂Incorporating Scenery Viewing into Narration＂ could be deemed as Ouyang's most obvious and peculiar employment in writing landscape and sceneries. He paid particular attention to the dynamic course and specific situation of objects constituting the scenery, so that a lively description of the scenery is integrated into his narrations. Besides, Ouyang used narrative sentences with clear time markers and action verbs, which were obviously different from the static syntactic forms commonly seen in previous landscape poems.

並列關鍵字

Song poetry ； Ouyang Xiu ； landscape writing ； ＂Incorporating Scenery Viewing into Narration＂ ； narrative tradition

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