詩人與大自然的對話－論董恕明《紀念品》的書寫位置

在原住民文學創作領域裡，董恕明是少數兼具「學者」與「創作者」身分的女作家，《紀念品》是她個人第一部詩集，也是原住民女性作家的第一部「純詩集」，在原住民文學發展史上具有絶對代表性。然而相對於原住民男性作家第一部詩集《美麗的稻穗》在研究領域所受到的關注，此部詩集似乎尚未引發學界廣泛探討。本文擬從董恕明同時擁有外省籍及卑南族血統，以及橫跨原住民文學研究學者兼創作者的「雙聲／身」位置出發，並回溯女詩人早期作品，探討其中顯而易見的身分認同問題，試以何種面貌再現於《紀念品》中。再者，詩作中充滿對自然萬物的擬人想像，就題材和內容來看，似乎已溢出理解原住民文學的範疇，本文企圖透過部落傳統文化中的泛靈信仰，分析女詩人如何透過「靈幻寫實」手法將靈性思維注入大自然書寫，進而形塑個人創作風格。接著深入詩作中的創作形式及語法結構，與卑南族傳統「巫覡文化」中的巫師祭詞並置參照，探討其中母語元素如何滲入詩文中，成就此部詩集的原住民美學特色。並藉其中「語言特色」重新梳理此部「乍看之下」並不具傳統原住民元素的詩集，其中「刻意」迴避卻又「不經意」流露的母體文化內涵。

關鍵字

董恕明；原住民文學；泛靈信仰；靈幻寫實；巫覡文化

並列摘要

In the field of Aboriginal literature, Dong Shu-ming is one of the few female writers of both ”scholar” and ”writer” status. ”Souvenirs” is her first collection of poems as well as the first ”pure poetry” wrote by native female writers which have then made her the perfect representative in the history of indigenous literature development. Based on Dong Shu-ming's descent from Puyuma and mainland China province as well as her across the Native literary scholar and founder of the ”double sound/body” position, the poetess' early works, this paper intends to investigate how the apparent identity problems will be represented in ”Souvenirs”. Furthermore, the poem is full of personification of the natural world to imagine the point of view of the subject matter and content, it seems that has overflowed to understand the scope of aboriginal literature, this paper attempts, through the animist faith in the traditional tribal culture, analysis poetess on how ”Spirit of magic realism” approach will Gnostic thinking into the nature writing, thereby shaping the individual artistic styles. Followed by the creation of in-depth poems and grammatical structure, and Puyuma Traditional Witchcraft culture juxtaposition reference, this paper explores how the mother tongue penetrate the poetry and achieve this collection of poems with Native aesthetic characteristics.