後手翻接續團身與直體後空翻二周之生物力學分析

Biomechanical Analysis of Back Handspring Connecting Tuck and Straight Double Backward Somersault

王建邦 ； 洪得明

《體育學報》 17期 (1994/08) Pp. 225-242

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0017.199408.2916

摘要

本研究的目的在於㈠分析比較後手翻接續團身、直體後空翻二周在各階段與特定位置中的運動學變數與角動量；以及㈡探討實施團身後空翻二周的國内選手要實施直體後空翻二周的條件。
本研究以三部60Hz的攝影機拍攝1992中華汽車杯國際體操邀請賽和1993中華民國競技體操錦標賽中男子地板競賽，分別選取後手翻接續團身與直體後空翻二周的動作各六次，以7個肢段8個關節點的人體模型，實施二度空間的影片分析，獲取座標資料，計算運動學變數與角動量，並進行t-test統計考驗。
經由結果的討論，所得的結論為：（一）直體後空翻二周在後手翻階段須有較大的水平速度，以便在後空翻階段獲取較大的離地水平速度；（二）直體後空翻二周在起跳階段雙腳離地瞬間須有較低的重心高度、接近90°的離地角度以及較大的水平速度以獲取較大的角動量；（三）本研究中，五位實施團身後空翻二周的國內選手，在起跳階段，若能減少角動量的損失、加大離地水平速度以及減小拋射角度，則要成功實施直體後空翻二周是可行的。

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to find out(1)the differdnce of kinematic data and angular momentum between back handspring connecting tuck (TDB) and straight (SDS) double backward somersault in selected positions and phases; and (2) the conditions of performing the SDS and tuck three backward somersault (TTB) by the native gymasts who had performed TDB.
Three cameras with a speed of 60 frames per second were used to film all performance during floor exercise competition in two games. The films of six TDB and six SDB selected from these games were digitized by using two dimensional model of Peak Performance System and multi-limked rigid booy model with 7 segments and 8 points, then the kinematic data and angular momentum were obtained by previous process for t-test statistical analysis.
Conclusions of this study were made as follows: (1) SDB had higher horizontal velocity than than TDB at the phase of back handspring in order to get higher takeoff horizontal velocity at the phase of backward somersault; (2) SDB had lower CG height, a takeoff angle of approaching 90°and higher takeoff horizomtal velocity than TDB at the takeoff phase in order to get larger angular momentum; and (3) It is possible to perform the SDB by the five native gymnasts who had performed TDB if they decrease the loss of angular momentum and increase the takeoff horizontal velocity and projectile angle at the phase of takeoff.