我國甲組羽球選手四種正拍高手擊球動作之三度空間生物力學分析

Biomechanical Analysis of Four Different Badminton Forehand Overhead Strokes

蔡虔祿(Chien-Lu Tsai) ； 黃長福(Chen-Fu Huang) ； 紀世清(Shyh-Ching Jih)

《體育學報》 22期 (1997/01) Pp. 189-200

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0022.199701.3417

摘要

本研究是以兩部高速攝影機，針對五名國內甲組羽球選手的正拍殺球、跳殺、高遠球與切球，做三度空間的運動學分析，以瞭解他們從預備擊球動作到擊球過程中，其運動學變數有何差異；並試圖找出選手在擊出不同球速時，身體變數是否有系統性的改變。本實驗是使用兩部Peak高速攝影機同步攝影，拍攝速度為每秒120個畫面。受試者影片資料經直線線性轉換的方法，與Peak套裝軟體及SAS統計軟體計算後，以.05顯著水準的重複量數單因子變異數分析與積差相關得到下面的結果：
我國甲組羽球選手的正拍高手擊球動作之羽球初速度依次為跳殺每秒68.16公尺、殺球每秒62.12公尺、高遠球每秒47.46公尺與切球每秒25公尺。我國的甲組選手之球速與世界級選手的球速相似。在羽球的擊出角度上，甲組選手所擊出的角度不夠銳利，應該加大羽球擊出的角度。
在擊球點的高度與擊球時身體重心高度上，跳殺明顯的比其他三種動作高，這是由於跳殺有明顯的跳起動作。但在準備動作時，跳殺的身體重心則下降得最低。
本研究亦發現，隨著球速的增加，擊球過程重心的向上位移、擊球點與重心的前後距離、肩關節矢狀面的角度、肘及腕關節的角速度等變數也相對的增加；至於準備動作的重心高度，卻反而隨著球速的增加有下降的趨勢。

關鍵字

生物力學 ； 三度空間 ； 羽球 ； 正拍

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of four different forehand overhead strokes (jump smash, smash, clear and drop) by the five elite Taiwan badminton players. In this study, we are interested in analyzing the phase of preparation position to the point of making contact with shuttlecock. Two Peak-Performance high speed video cameras operating at 120Hz were simultaneously used to obtain 3-D data. And a repeated one-way ANOVA and the Pearson product moment correlation were used to test the selected variables at.05 significant level.
The initial shuttlecock velocities of the smashes were from 55-70 (m/s) averaging 62.12 (m/s).The jump smashes were from 55-75 (m/s) which has an average of 68.16 (m/s). And the clears were from 42-51(m/s) averaged 47.46 (m/s), and the drops were from 22-29 (m/s) averaged 25 (m/s). The clear and the drop were significantly slower than the smash and the jump smash strokes.
The following variables are increased as the initial shuttle velocities: The vertical displacement of movement, the horizontal distance between contact & Center of Mass (C.M.) in sagittal plane, the shoulder and the elbow angle at the contact, the shoulder and the elbow sagittal plane angle at the contact, the elbow & the wrist sagittal plane angular velocities at the contact.
There were negative correlation between shuttle speed and the lowest C.M. of the preparation position.

並列關鍵字

Biomechanics ； 3D ； Badminton ； Smash ； Jump Smash ； Clear ； Drop