男女選手捷泳劃手打腿及協調效率之差異研究

A Comparative Study of the difference of Arm Stroke,Leg Kick and Coordination Efficiency between Male and Female Crawl Swimmers

丁益文(Ding,I-Wen)

《體育學報》 24期 (1997/12) Pp. 205-216

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0024.199712.2118

摘要

本研究目的在探討男女選手捷泳划手打腿及協調效率之差異研究，以台北市高中男子選手11位（平均身高171.23±5.74公分，體重65.27±6.59公斤，年齡15.98±0.86年，游泳訓練年數6.41±2.01年），女子選手13位（平均身高162.46±4.96公分，體重55.85±4.72公斤，年齡16.25±0.88年，游泳訓練年數6.69±1.55年）為研究對象，採用複量數之「對抗平衡法」分別進行不同推進距離捷泳聯合、划手及打腿三種方式之測量，受試者從蹬壁出發之後，以最大努力捷泳動作向前游進（划手測驗時腳夾浮球，打腿測驗時手持浮板）。結果發現男女捷泳選手在打腿的推進力及協調效率方面，沒有顯著差異。但在手臂划手推進力方面，男子選手（0.83±0.04公尺／秒）顯著的優於女子選手（0.72±0.06公尺／秒），也是男子選手游泳成績優於女子的主要原因。結論與建議：造成男子游泳成績表現優於女子的原因是因男子的划手推進力較佳，或許這與上身及手臂之肌力有關聯。此結論也意指著如果女子選手能在手臂的訓練上特別加強，也許成績可以趕上男子選手。

關鍵字

男女差異 ； 捷泳 ； 劃手 ； 打腿 ； 協調效率 ； 推進力

並列摘要

This study investigated the difference of coordination efficiency between male and female crawl swimmers. The subjects studied are 11 male swimmers (age 15.98±0.86, height 171.23±5.74cm., body weight 65.27±6.59kg., and years of training 6.41±2.01 yrs.) and 13 female swimmers(age 16.25±0.88,height 162.46±4.96cm.,body weight 55.85±4.72kg.,and years of training 6.69±1.55 yrs.).Both the male and female swimmers are students from high schools in Taipei City. An identical subject with repeated measure design and a balanced-order testing sequence were used to measure the arm stroke (AS), leg kick (LK), whole stroke(WS),and the coordination efficiency of these swimmers. In arm stroke testing, the swimmers had buoy between their legs; in leg kick testing the swimmers had kickboard in their hands. The results are as follows: There is no significant difference in LK propels ion and coordination efficiency between the male and female subjects. In AS propulsion, however, the male swimmers (0.83±0.04m/sec) were much better than the female (0.72±0.06m/sec). This is the major reason why male swimmers swim faster than female swimmers. Conclusions and suggestions: The major reason for male swimmers to swim faster than female swimmers is that they have better AS propulsion. This is perhaps due to their stronger arm muscles and breast muscles. This means that training female swimmers' arm muscles can make them swim as fast as male swimmers.

並列關鍵字

gender different ； Crawl swimming ； arm stroke ； leg kick ； coordination efficiency ； propulsive force