兩種不同牽張幅度深跳練習的二階段肌電現象之比較

The comparisons of EMG Patterns Between Two Drops Jump With Different Stretch Amplitude

林政東(Jenq-Dong Lin) ； 陳全壽(Chuan-Show Chen) ； 劉宇(Yu Liu) ； 趙峻郁(Chun-Yu Chao)

《體育學報》 28期 (2000/03) Pp. 329-338

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0028.200003.4032

摘要

本研究是利用運動生物力學的方法，探討肌肉牽張縮短循環（stretch-shortening-cycle SSC）的典型動作drop jump (DJ) 20、40和60cm之肌肉工作特徵，以便了解淺蹲和深蹲法的DJ跳法之離心和向心收縮二階段的肌電活動特徵。本次實驗以AMTI測力板、電子關節角度計及Biovision肌電系統測量受試者在兩種不同牽張幅度下的地面反作用力、膝關節角度的變化、比目魚肌和股直肌的肌電活動特徵。受試者11名，平均年齡為23.18 ± 2.64歲，身高為173.0 ± 4.03公分，體重為64.31 ± 5.97公斤。經由實驗處理與討論，獲得以下結果。
一、 兩種跳法的比較下，淺蹲跳法在離心階段產生較大的肌電振幅，而產生的較大肌電振幅應是牽張反射所造成，同時較大肌電振幅表示單位時間內徵召較多的運動單位參與工作，如此說明了淺蹲跳法可以產生較大的肌肉神經刺激，所以爆發力訓練時，宜採用淺蹲跳法。
二、 本實驗兩種跳法的向心階段平均肌電振幅無顯著差異，並且兩者極為接近，這說明二階段分法無法分別區分SSC的彈性能效應和牽張反射對向心肌電振幅之影響。

關鍵字

牽張－縮短循環 ； 牽張反射 ； 彈性能 ； 牽張幅度 ； 肌電振幅

並列摘要

The experiment used methods of sport biomechanics to investigate the electromyographic magnitude of eccentric and concentric phases under two different stretch amplitudes of drop jumps in order to understand neuromusculor characteristics of different stretch amplitudes of SSC movement. There were 11 subjects in this experiment including jumpers and sprinter. Their ages are 23.18 ± 2.64, heights are 173.0 ± 4.03 and weights are 64.31 ± 5.97. AMIT forceplatform, goniometer and electromyography (EMG) Biovision system were used to record the ground reaction force, knee joint angle and the EMG-signals of soleus and rectus femoris. After the treatment of the data, we have gained the results as follows:
1. After the comparison of the two methods of jump, small stretch amplitude DJ produce larger electromyographic magnitude during eccentric phase (P＜.05), which are related mostly to stretch reflex. On the other hand, small stretch amplitude jump can induce larger excitation of innervation. Therefore, it is recommended to adopt the method of short stretch DJ to have a better training effect on the SSC mechanism.
2. There are no difference on the electromyographic magnitude between small stretch and large stretch DJ during concentric phase, and their electromyographic magnitude are very similar. This demonstrates that the two phases can’t be used to distinguish the effect of elasticity energy and stretch reflex during concentric phase.

並列關鍵字

Stretch-Shortenig-Cycle ； stretch reflex ； elasticity energy

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