運動飲料攝取方案可改善熱環境中女子足球運動員訓練後體重之失衡

目的：探討足球運動員在熱環境中參與訓練期間接受運動飲料攝取方案對其體重改變的影響。方法：16名優秀女子足球運動員（年齡：22.5±3.1歲；身高：163.6±5.4公分；體重：56.8±5.8公斤；球齡：12.3±2.5年）在兩次熱環境中完成專項足球運動訓練。同一批受試者第一次訓練時攝取普通飲用水（自由處理），第二次訓練時攝取運動飲料（處方處理），攝取量為1.47±0.16升，訓練心跳率為145±20bpm與136±22bpm。結果：自由處理的排尿人次及排尿量皆比處方處理多，訓練後的體重自由處理與處方處理分別減少0.92±0.28kg與0.78±0.50kg，相當於脫水1.59±0.54%與1.35±0.90%，流汗量為2.36±0.35升與2.25±0.57升、流汗率為1.18±0.171組與1.12±0.291組，兩次訓練攝取液體後少數受試者有腸胃不適情形。結論：研究所設定之運動飲料攝取方案，可避免足球運動員在熱環境下訓練所導致的嚴重體重失衡。

關鍵字

脫水；液體補充；復水

並列摘要

Purpose: The present study was conducted to clarify the dehydration of soccer players trained in a hot environment and the effect of sports drink ingestion protocol on the players' weight changes. Methods: Data were collected from 16 elite female soccer players (age: 22.5±3.1 year-old, height: 163.6±5.4 cm, weight: 56.8±5.8 kg, years of playing soccer: 12.3±2.5 years) during two training sessions carried out in hot environments. Ingestion protocols were designed according to individual weights and field positions of the participants. During the 1st training session, all players were instructed to consume drinking water (ad libitum group=ALG), while during the 2nd, sports drink (prescript group=PG). The ingestion volume was 1.47±0.16 l. The heart rates during the training sessions were 145±20 bpm and 136±22 bpm respectively. Results: The study indicates that the volume and the frequency of urine discharge of the ALG exceeded those of the PG. The following data were collected after both training sessions-body weight losses of the ALG and the PG were 0.92±0.28 kg and 0.78±0.50 kg respectively; dehydration: 1.59±0.54% and 1.35±0.90%; sweat volume: 2.36±0.35l and 2.25±0.57l; sweat rate: 1.18±0.17l/h and 1.12±0.29l/h. Gastrointestinal irritation occurred to the minority of the players after both training sessions. Conclusion: The proposed sports drink ingestion protocol can prevent the soccer players trained in hot environments from severe body weight changes.