勞工工作活動、時間與有害氣體暴露自動連續監測設備研發

本研究開發一套結合紅外線定位系統、化學感測器及電子控制系統之新式個人暴露評估監測設備－IR-TAP(Infrared Enabled Time Activity Pattern Monitor)。此套設備可精確的測定勞工工作時的活動位置與停留時間，並量測不同工作區域的暴露濃度，且可由勞工個人攜帶；其可改善傳統暴露評估方法的限制，同時量測勞工暴露評估中關於暴露濃度、暴露位置及暴露時間等三大要項。經由實驗室的性能測試結果顯示，定位系統的紅外線訊號接收正確率在靜置時達到99%以上，在個人攜帶的情形下亦可達94%。實際的暴露評估實驗中顯示，IR-TAP對於勞工時間—活動的記錄值與人工觀察值間有極高的相關性(R^2=0.93~0.99)，統計上亦無顯著差異；而在暴露濃度的測量上，IR-TAP以分區自動採樣的方式與傳統個人採樣方法所得結果在統計上無顯著差異，兩者的相關係數達0.99以上。各項測試結果均顯示本套監測設備確可補充傳統暴露評估方法的不足而獲得精確可靠的勞工時間－活動資料，且可藉此了解各種暴露濃度及暴露位置間的關係，以作為職業病研究及工程改善的重要參考資料。

關鍵字

暴露評估；時間－活動模式；個人採樣器；紅外線

並列摘要

This study involved the development of infrared enabled time activity pattern monitor (called IRTAP) for personal exposure assessment among workers. The IR-TAP consists of five major parts: an auto-control system, infrared positioning system chemical sensor electronic flow control system, and power supply system. It can precisely detect the position of a worker, determine durations within an exposed area, and measure the concentration of exposure in that area. Therefore, using the IR-TAP, the three major parameters of exposure assessment-time, position, and concentration-can be obtained simultaneously. Laboratory tests show that the power consumption of the IR-TAP is 344 mA. It can be continuously operated for 7 hours using two Ni-H battery packs. The re-producibility tests indicate that the IR-TAP has a 94% to 99% accurate in determining the worker's positions. Field studies show that the worker's time-activity patterns as measured by the IR-TAP were highly correlated with those obtained by human observations (r^2=0.93~0.99). The personal exposure experiments also show that the exposure concentrations measured by the IR-TAP have no significant variation with those measured by the conventional TWA method. The correlation coefficient between these two methods are as high as 0.99. The results indicate that the IR-TAP can be used as an alternative method in investigating personal exposure. The technique developed in this study provides not only measurements of exposure concentrations, but also the precise time-activity patterns of workers. With this tool makes possible the further investigation of how workers' activity patterns can affect exposure dose. Future work such as full-scale field studies, determination of the limitations of the IR-TAP, and the extension utility of this technique in different working places and industries are needed to fully understand the uhlity of this new device.

並列關鍵字

Exposure assessment ； Time-activity pattern ； Personal monitor ； Infrared

國際替代計量

勞工工作活動、時間與有害氣體暴露自動連續監測設備研發

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