農業生技產業生物氣膠暴露特性調查－以養鴨場爲例

Assessment of Bioaerosol Distribution in the Bio-Industrial Environment-A Case Study of Duck Farms

楊心豪(Shin-Hao Yang) ； 林宜長(Yi-Chang Lin) ； 張振平(Cheng-Ping Jimmy Chuang) ； 莊啟佑(Chi-Yu Chris Chuang)

《勞工安全衛生研究季刊》 17卷4期 (2009/12) Pp. 436-445

https://doi.org/10.7005/JOSH.200912.0436

摘要

本研究針對國內之養鴨場生物氣膠分佈進行研究，以建立台灣之本土性農業生技產業動物飼養場所之生物環境污染資料。本研究針對三家未加網養鴨場與兩家加網養鴨場進行真菌與細菌菌落採樣，進一步以菌種鑑定瞭解主要菌種分佈。
結果顯示未加網養鴨場作業環境中真菌濃度約在970-7200 CFU/立方公尺間，而細菌濃度約在290-58720 CFU/立方公尺；加網養鴨場作業環境中真菌濃度約在1810-8740 CFU/立方公尺間，而細菌濃度約在23450-69110 CFU/立方公尺。加設網子之養鴨場作業環境之真菌與細菌菌落數均明顯高於未加設網子之養鴨作業環境，主要於原因在於加設網子後，造成區域內流場中之流線較不易流出，使得內部空氣較易累積，同時使得生物氣膠於網內累積，使得生物氣膠濃度上升。同時在未加網或是加網之養鴨場菌種鑑定之結果顯示，真菌部分主要均是會引起呼吸道不適與過敏之菌種，包含Cladosporium、Ustilago以及Aspergillus菌屬，因此作業場所應要加裝通風設備，以降低作業環境空氣中之菌落濃度，減少作業員工吸入過多生物性懸浮微粒。同時配戴防護措施或口罩也是有其必要性，以降低吸入過多會引起呼吸道不適、氣喘與過敏之生物性懸浮微粒。

關鍵字

養鴨場 ； 生物氣膠 ； 菌種鑑定

並列摘要

The pervious researches have investigated the characteriistics of bioaerosols in the chicken and pig farms. However, few studies have studied the bioaerosol concentrations and distribution in the duck farms. This study chose three duck farms without covering nets, and two duck farms with covering nets for bioaerosols sampling and identification.
The study results showed that in the duck farms without covering net dairy farms, airborne fungal concentrations were about 970-7200 CFU/m^3, airborne bacterial concentrations were 290-58720 CFU/m^3. In the duck farms with covering nets, airborne fungal concentrations were about 1810-8740 CFU/m^3, airborne bacterial concentrations were 23450-69110 CFU/m^3. The fungal and bacterial concentrations in the duck farms with covering nets were higher than those in the duck farms without covering nets. It is probably because the covering nets decreased natural ventilation, resulting in bioaerosol accumulation. Therefore, it is necessary to increase air exchange rate using fans to decrease fungal and bacterial concentrations. Moreover, according to the results of microbial identification, parts of the fungi and bacteria were allergenic microorganisms.

並列關鍵字

Duck farms ； Bioaerosol ； Identification of microorganisms

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