- 期刊
營造業中高齡勞工職災特性分析
Characteristic Analysis of Occupational Accidents of Aged Workers in the Construction Industry
摘要
中高齡勞工已然成為我國將來勞動人口之主力。因此，年齡對工作能力的影響，或者年齡與職業災害之間的關係，這些問題應及早釐清並預作準備。尤其營造業連年位居各行業「勞工保險職業災害保險給付千人率」之冠，更不可輕忽。本研究以「勞工保險給付資料」為基礎，將91-97年間我國營造業在職業災害給付（傷病、失能、死亡）之六大項目（性別、年齡、營造業中行業別、災害類型、媒介物、受傷部位）進行統計分析，試圖歸納中高齡勞工之職災特性。研究結果發現，我國營造業中高齡勞工之標準化事故發生率(AR)的確高於其他年齡層，在職災發生比例上男性遠高於女性，但中高齡女性勞工的職災發生率也應予以重視；另外，集群分析顯示營造業勞工可分成三大類，各有其職災特性。最後，本研究建議未來減災策略可從中高齡勞工著手，並持續重視中高齡勞工的特有身心狀況，才能因應我國未來勞工結構老化的到來。
並列摘要
Aged workers have become the major labor workforce of the future. Therefore, the impact of age on work ability or the relationship between age and occupational accidents shall be clarified and prepared for as soon as possible. Especially, the construction industry has had the top 1 ”Labor insurance occupational accident insurance payment rate” in the overall industries for continuous years; it definitely cannot be overlooked. The study applied the ”Labor insurance payment data” as the basis to analyze the 6 major items (gender, age, construction industry type, accident type, media, and injured part) of occupational accident payment (injuries, disease, disabilities, and deaths) for the domestic construction industry in 2002~2008. After the statistical analysis, it tries to summarize the occupational accident characteristics of aged workers. The study result found that the domestic construction industry aged workers' accident rate (AR) is indeed higher than other age groups, and mainly female workers who are older than 45 years old have higher AR. In addition, the cluster analysis also showed that female construction industry workers who are older than 35 years old have unique occupational characteristics. Finally, the study recommended that the future accident reduction strategy can focus on aged female workers. Only paying attention to the special physical and mental status of aged workers will be able to correspond with the coming aging labor structure in the future.