撒水器對降低飯店火災嚴重性之模擬研究

隨著人口往城市集中，在土地資源有限下，促使城市建築日趨向高空延伸，且規模有越來越大的趨勢。由於建築物使用的多元化，往往結合住商及各類休閒消費場所，如發生火災，因收納人數眾多，場地複雜化，易造成重大人命傷亡及財產損失。尤其高層建築物猶如一座小型城市，人員、財物集中，如果發生火災，所造成之損失、影響層面既深且廣。加上因其樓層高度高，救災及避難均較一般建築物困難，所以建築物本身的避難設施及消防安全滅火設備自救，顯得相當重要。本研究應用火災之場模式模擬軟體FDS（Fire Dynamics Simulator）來分析美國「米高梅飯店」之火場。研究火場中溫度場、濃度場之分佈與變化，並與收集到之資料做比對驗證，藉由火場模擬，儘量還原當時火災發生之狀況。並探討增設撒水器後對火場溫度場、濃度場之的影響，提出建議，期能提供類似建築物防火設計規劃之參考。

關鍵字

火災；米高梅飯店； FDS ；撒水器

並列摘要

Do to the limited land resource, high-rise buildings are being developed in many cities. The fire protection capabilities for such buildings are certainly much vulnerable, compared to typical houses. Hence, once a fire occurs in a high-rise building, it often causes huge human casualty and property loss. The FDS (Fire Dynamic Simulator) software is used in this paper to develop the computer simulation model for the MGM grand hotel fire in Las Vegas of the United States. The model is utilized to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the fire accident. Important parameters are calculated to understand the fire field characteristics. The sprinkler device is implemented/designed to study the mitigation impact to the fire. The information obtained could be useful for the future fire protection improvement of the similar fire cases for high-rise buildings.

並列關鍵字

Building fire ； MGM grand hotel ； FDS ； Sprinkler device

參考文獻

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國際替代計量

撒水器對降低飯店火災嚴重性之模擬研究

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